卢卡奇和杜威在实践观的问题上虽然没有直接的思想交流,但是两者都是处在德国古典哲学传统之下对康德哲学问题的诊断与克服。卢卡奇和杜威都看到了康德立足于形式主义立场上必然带来各种二元对立和分裂的问题,因为形式主义的发展必然带来对内容的无关紧要。只有恢复实践的基础地位才能找到弥合各种分裂和对立的渠道,主客同一的实践优先于一切人为的区分。源出性的实践不能是抽象的和任意的行为,而必须是基于物质基础之上的辩证的历史实践。 Although there is no direct exchange of ideas between Lukacs and Dewey on the issue of practice, both are diagnosed and overcome Kant’s philosophical problems under the German classical philosophical tradition. Both Lukacs and Dewey have seen that Kant must bring about all kinds of binary opposition and split on the basis of formalism because the development of formalism will inevitably bring about irrelevance to the content. Only by restoring the foundations of practice can we find ways to bridge the various channels of division and opposites. The practice of both subject matter and object takes precedence over all man-made distinctions. Source of practice can not be abstracted and arbitrary behavior, but must be based on the dialectical material basis of historical practice.