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禅宗对绘画的影响是深远的,尤其水墨写意形而上观念在唐以后的转变与成熟是与南宗禅的发展兴盛不可分的。傅抱石在论述水墨写意画的衍变过程中也看到了这种不同以往的审美趣味,他分析这种变化的时代文化根源说：“……水墨山水画是萌芽于多姿多彩的唐代而成熟于褪尽外来影响的宋代,特别是南宋时代,是一种什么力量影响着支持着它们呢?换句话,它们又反映了些什么呢?据我肤浅的看法,宗教思想的影响主要是禅宗的影响,增加了造型艺术创作,鉴赏上的主观的倾向,而理学的‘言心言性’在某些要求上又和禅宗一致,着重自我省察的功夫,于是更有力地推动了这一倾向。……唐末五代,当线和色彩的矛盾尚未很好地得到一致的时候,墨又以新的姿态随着山水画的飞跃的发展加入了它们的斗争,于是色彩的发展就不仅仅是威胁着线的同时也妨碍了墨。加以工具、材料,宋代有了很大的改进和提高,特别是纸的广泛使用,纸碰上了墨,它的内容就越是丰富了。……通过米芾米友仁父子、牧溪、莹玉涧、马远、夏圭为首的诸大家们创造性的努力,在作者和鉴赏者的思想意识里,在广大的读者中,几乎是墨即是色,色即是墨。”[1]
The influence of Zen on the painting is far-reaching. In particular, the transformation and maturity of ink-and-wash metaphysics after the Tang Dynasty are inseparable from the development and prosperity of the Southern Zen Buddhism. Fu Baoshi also observed this different aesthetic taste in the evolution of ink and wash paintings. He analyzed the cultural roots of the changes in the era: “... ink-and-wash landscapes have matured in the colorful Tang Dynasty and matured In the Song Dynasty, especially in the Southern Song Dynasty, what kind of force influenced and supported them? In other words, what did they reflect? In my superficial view, the influence of religious thought is mainly Zen Influence and increase the subjective tendency of creation and appreciation of plastic arts. However, the ”assertiveness“ of Neo-Confucianism is consistent with Zen in certain requirements and focuses on self-inspection, thus promoting this tendency even more strongly. ... ... The late Tang and the Five Dynasties, when the line and the color of the contradictions have not yet been well agreed, when the ink and a new attitude with the development of landscape painting leap in the development of their struggle, so the development of color is not just a threat Line also hinder the ink. To tools, materials, the Song Dynasty has been greatly improved and improved, especially the extensive use of paper, paper hit the ink, the more enriched its content ... ... through the rice The creative efforts of all the people led by You Yiren, Mu Xi, Ying Yu Jian, Ma Yuan and Xia Gui are, in the mindset of the author and the connoisseurs, almost all of the ink in the broad readership. The color is ink. ”[1]