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2007年教育部颁布《大学英语课程教学要求》对教学评估内容进行了补充,强调评估的过程性和发展性,要求跟踪教学过程,反馈教学信息,促进学生全面发展。因此,在英语写作教学中,有效的评估体系应促使学生把语言知识和结构技巧内化到自己的知识结构中去,带有主动性和创造性地去用英文写作,能够锻炼学生的书面表达能力,顺畅表达自己的观点与情感,还能通过写作过程中的思考与思路的整理,逐渐形成正确的人生观、价值观,知道如何客观全面看待事物,用批判性的、科学的思维方式分析解决问题。动态评估(dynamic assessment,简称DA)来源于俄国著名心理学家Vygotsky的心智的社会文化理论(Sociocultural Theory of Mind,简称SCT),不仅对被评估者的当前水平做出客观、公正、全面的观察和总结,同时还能够对其可能的发展进行预测并尽量促成。动态评估将注意力放在个体的发展潜能上,使得评估不仅仅总结过去,同时还能放眼于未来。本文将系统的介绍中介、内化、调节及最近发展区等动态评估体系中的核心概念,阐释其发展的背景、特点及基本操作模式,并阐述动态评估对教师角色、教学模式及教学功能等方面的启示。
In 2007, the Ministry of Education promulgated the “College English Curriculum Requirements” to supplement the content of the teaching evaluation, emphasizing the process of evaluation and development, requiring follow-up teaching process, feedback teaching information, and promote the all-round development of students. Therefore, in the teaching of English writing, an effective evaluation system should encourage students to internalize their knowledge of language and structure into their own knowledge structure, to write and write in English with initiative and creativity, and to be able to exercise their written ability , Express their views and emotions smoothly, but also through the writing process of thinking and thinking of the order, and gradually form the correct outlook on life, values, know how to objectively comprehensive view of things, with critical and scientific way of thinking to analyze and solve the problem . Dynamic assessment (DA) is based on Sociocultural Theory of Mind (SCT), a famous Russian psychologist who not only objectively, fairly and comprehensively observes the present level of the assessor And summarize, while also forecasting and maximizing their possible development. Dynamic assessment focuses on the development potential of an individual so that the assessment not only summarizes the past but also looks to the future. This paper systematically introduces the core concept in the dynamic assessment system such as agency, internalization, regulation and recent development zone, explains its development background, characteristics and basic operation mode, and expounds the impact of dynamic assessment on teachers’ role, teaching mode and teaching function Inspiration.