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一个化学反应在给定条件(通常指温度、压强)下能否自发进行,以及在什么条件下有可能按预期的方向发生,仅用实验方法来摸索,可能要付出极大的代价,甚至徒劳无功。寻找一种客观的判据,用它来判断一个化学反应能否自发进行是非常必要的。下面我就谈谈如何学习和运用化学反应进行方向的复合判据——焓变和熵变。一、如何理解“自发过程”
A chemical reaction in a given conditions (usually temperature, pressure) can spontaneously, and under what conditions may occur in the expected direction, only by experimental methods to explore, may have to pay a huge price, or even futile . To find an objective criterion, it is necessary to use it to determine whether a chemical reaction spontaneously. Now I will talk about how to learn and apply the composite criteria of chemical reaction direction - enthalpy change and entropy change. First, how to understand “spontaneous process ”