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采用超声波振动切削,能明显地改善金属切削过程,较多地减小切屑变形和切削力、有利于消除积屑瘤和抑制切削过程中产生的自激振动等。因此,能显著地提高工件的表面光洁度和加工精度,并可对普通切削难以加工的材料进行加工或改善其加工性。 本文分析了超声波振动切削的理论基础,用实验方法对低碳钢(20~#)、不锈钢(Cr18Ni9Ti)、铝合金(Ly12)和淬火高速钢(W18Cr4V,HRc62～64)等材料的加工表面光洁,工件圆度及加工表面形态等方面说明超声波振动切削的可行性,为今后进一步开展这方面的研究应用提供理论与实践依据。
The use of ultrasonic vibration cutting, can significantly improve the metal cutting process, reduce chip deformation and cutting more, help to eliminate the build-up edge and suppress the cutting process of self-excited vibration. Therefore, it is possible to remarkably improve the surface finish and the machining accuracy of the workpiece, as well as to process or improve the workability of a material that is difficult to machine in normal cutting. In this paper, the theoretical basis of ultrasonic vibration cutting is analyzed. The machined surface of low carbon steel (20 ~ #), stainless steel (Cr18Ni9Ti), aluminum alloy (Ly12) and quenched high speed steel (WcCr4V, HRc62 ~ 64) , The workpiece roundness and the processing of surface morphology and other aspects of the feasibility of ultrasonic vibration cutting for the future to carry out research and application in this area to provide theoretical and practical basis.