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采用专门的试验机对不同线路条件钢轨的接触疲劳伤损特点进行模拟试验研究。结果表明,车速在200 km/h以下时,随车速提高钢轨的磨损量减小、接触疲劳伤损加剧;车速达300km/h时,钢轨的磨损量和接触疲劳伤损均减轻。该试验结果得到了计算机仿真计算结果相符。通过对试验结果的分析,认为车速在200km/h以下的客货共运快速线路,宜选用强度为1100MPa级的热处理钢轨;车速达300km/h左右的高速客运专线,应考虑选用强度较低、但裂纹萌生和扩展速率较低、K(?)值相对较高的U71Mn热轧钢轨,或成分性能与之相类似的其它钢轨。
A special test machine was used to simulate the contact fatigue damage characteristics of the rails with different line conditions. The results show that when the vehicle speed is under 200 km / h, the rail wear amount decreases with the increase of vehicle speed, and the contact fatigue damage aggravates. When the vehicle speed is up to 300 km / h, the rail wear and contact fatigue damage are reduced. The test results obtained by the computer simulation results are consistent. Through the analysis of the test results, it is suggested that heat-treated rails with a strength of 1100MPa should be selected for the passenger-cargo-cum-express line with a speed of 200km / h or less. For high-speed passenger dedicated lines with a speed of 300km / h, But U71Mn hot-rolled rails with lower crack initiation and propagation rates, relatively high K (?) Values, or other rails with similar compositional properties.