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一、前言在工程问题中,构件和缺陷(或裂纹)的几何形状,往往都是比较复杂的,要确定复杂形状构件中裂纹尖端的应力强度因子,在理论上有时是很困难的,甚至不大可能,这就不得不求助于一些近似的方法,如有限单元法和光弹性法。用光弹法测定裂纹尖端的应力强度因子k_1,从许多具有理论解的简单试样的试验结果看来,已经验证了光弹法的可靠性,並可达到工程上所要求的精度范围(10％以内)。从目前我们所接触到的国内外资料来看,对应力强度因子k_1的研究方面是比较成熟的,
I. INTRODUCTION In engineering problems, the geometric shapes of components and defects (or cracks) are often complex. It is sometimes difficult or even impossible to determine the stress intensity factor at the crack tip in a complex-shaped component. Probably, this has to resort to some approximate methods, such as finite element method and photoelastic method. The photoelasticity method is used to measure the stress intensity factor k_1 at the crack tip. From the test results of many simple specimens with theoretical solutions, the reliability of the photoelastic method has been verified and the accuracy range required by the project can be achieved (10 Within %). From the current domestic and foreign data that we have come into contact with, the research on the stress intensity factor k_1 is relatively mature.