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高粱育种新技术是指除传统的自然选择育种和人工杂交育种以外的育种技术,主要包括组培育种、航天育种、物理诱变育种、化学诱变育种和转基因育种以及其他一些具有较大潜力的育种技术。笔者曾对多种高粱育种新技术进行了长期研究应用,目前已建立了高粱育种新技术体系,筛选出了优良恢复系材料,育成了优良杂交种。以笔者的研究应用实践为基础并结合相关的研究报道,对不同育种新技术的特点、研究应用中存在的问题及潜力进行了探讨。着重指出,与常规育种相比,高粱育种新技术具有以下主要特点:适用于改变个别简单遗传性状;育种周期短,后代稳定快,田间试验规模小;变异量相对较小但能获得新的特异性状。
The new technology of sorghum breeding refers to the breeding technology other than natural selection breeding and artificial hybridization breeding, including tissue culture breeding, space breeding, physical mutation breeding, chemical mutation breeding and genetically modified breeding and other great potential Breeding technology. I have a variety of sorghum breeding new technology for a long time research and application, has established a new system of sorghum breeding technology, screening out the excellent restorer materials, bred into fine hybrids. Based on the author’s research and application practices and relevant research reports, the characteristics of different breeding technologies and the problems and potentials in research and application are discussed. Emphatically pointed out that compared with conventional breeding, the new technology of sorghum breeding has the following main features: It is suitable for changing individual simple genetic traits; breeding cycle is short, the offspring is stable and fast, the field experiment is small in scale; the variation is relatively small but the new special can be obtained Traits.