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金融资本和殖民压迫是列宁帝国主义论的两个基本要素,这两个基本要素又展开为三条线索。在对考茨基工业决定论的批判中,列宁分析了金融资本的形成过程、积累机制和政治倾向;在关于民族自决权的论战中,列宁分析了殖民压迫不同于金融扼制的历史性质;在前二者的基础上,列宁把帝国主义战争归结为列强金融资本实力与其殖民地份额的不平衡,避免了“国际化的生产力与民族国家相矛盾”的“左”倾观点。通过金融资本的主导地位、宗主国对殖民地的双重控制方式、帝国主义的不平衡性这三条线索,列宁把握住了帝国主义的具体结构,也为后人分析这一结构的变化进而确定帝国主义论的发展路径指示了方向。
Financial capital and colonial oppression are two basic elements of Lenin’s imperialist theory. The two basic elements are expanded into three clues. In criticizing Kautsky’s theory of industrial determinism, Lenin analyzed the process of formation, accumulation and political orientation of financial capital; in the polemical debate on national self-determination Lenin analyzed the historical nature of colonial oppression unlike financial strangulation; On the basis of the former two, Lenin attributes the war of imperialism to the imbalance between the strength of the financial capital of the powers and the share of their colonies and avoids the “leftist” view of “internationalized productive forces contradicting the nation states.” Through the dominance of financial capital, the dual control of the sovereign state over the colonies and the imbalance of imperialism, Lenin took hold of the concrete structure of imperialism, analyzed the changes of this structure for later generations, and determined the theory of imperialism The path of development indicates the direction.