镉、铬、汞是环境中主要的重金属污染物。它们进入土壤后,通常难以随水淋滤,也不易被微生物所降解,而往往残留于土壤耕作层被生长的植物吸收,影响人体健康。因此重金属污染物对植物的残留积累巳引起世界各国的关注,研究报道也较多。污染物进入土壤后,它们常常改变土壤中的一些化学过程和物理状况,对微生物发生影响,从而影响土壤肥力和土壤营养元素的转化。真菌是土壤微生物主要类群之一,它的变化情 Cadmium, chromium and mercury are the major heavy metal pollutants in the environment. When they enter the soil, they are often difficult to leach with water and are not easily degraded by microorganisms. However, they often remain in the soil and are harvested by plants that grow in the tillage layer, affecting human health. Therefore, the accumulation of heavy metal pollutants on plants has drawn the attention of all countries in the world, and more reports have been reported. When contaminants enter the soil, they often change some of the chemical processes and physical conditions in the soil, affecting the microorganisms, affecting soil fertility and soil nutrient conversion. Fungi is one of the major groups of soil microorganisms, and its changing situation