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本文通过句子接受度测试和选词填空测试考察汉语二语学习者对近义词语义差异和句法差异的习得情况。实验结果表明,近义词句法差异的习得要早于、好于语义差异的习得。但随着语言水平的提高,两类差异习得成绩差距逐渐减小。我们认为,差异凸显度是影响近义词习得的重要因素。一般而言,句法差异凸显度高于语义差异,因此前者比后者更容易习得。在教学当中,应该根据差异凸显度高低安排教学顺序。
This paper examines the acquisition of semantic differences and syntactic differences of synonyms by Chinese L2 learners through the sentence acceptance test and the word choice blank test. The experimental results show that the syntactic differences of synonyms are acquired earlier than that of semantic differences. However, with the improvement of language proficiency, the gap between the two types of difference acquisition gradually decreases. In our opinion, the prominence of differences is an important factor affecting the acquisition of synonyms. In general, syntactic differences are more pronounced than semantic differences, so the former is easier to learn than the latter. In teaching, we should arrange the order of teaching according to the differences.