论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨尿路感染的病原菌分布特点及细菌耐药现状,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法应用天地人微生物分析系统,结合K-B法药敏试验对尿培养分离的216株细菌进行鉴定和药物敏感性测定,并对革兰阴性杆菌进行ESBLs的检测。结果216株病原菌中,革兰阴性杆菌141株,占65.3%;革兰阳性球菌65株,占30.1%;真菌10株,占4.6%。革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南敏感性最高,耐药率在0%～12.5%之间,对哌拉西林和庆大霉素耐药率分别达60.3%～66.6%和50.0%～70.3%。革兰阳性球菌中,葡萄球菌对万古霉素均敏感,对苯唑西林耐药率已达53.3%;肠球菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率较高(26.3%～47.4%)有1株(5.3%)对万古霉素耐药。大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产ESBLs的菌株检出率分别为29.8%和21.0%。结论革兰阴性杆菌是我院尿路感染的主要病原菌;尿路感染常见病原菌耐药严重,应及时检测病原菌及其耐药情况,以便合理使用抗菌药物。
Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infection and the status of bacterial resistance in order to provide a basis for rational use of antibacterials in clinic. Methods Totally 216 strains of bacteria isolated from urine culture were identified and tested for drug susceptibility by K-B method combined with K-B method. The ESBLs of Gram-negative bacilli were detected. Results Among the 216 pathogenic bacteria, 141 were Gram-negative bacilli (65.3%), 65 were Gram-positive cocci (30.1%) and 10 were fungi (4.6%). Gram-negative bacilli were the most susceptible to imipenem, with drug resistance rates between 0% and 12.5%, resistance rates to piperacillin and gentamycin were 60.3% -66.6% and 50.0% -70.3%, respectively, . Gram-positive cocci, Staphylococcus aureus are sensitive to vancomycin, oxacillin resistance rate has reached 53.3%; enterococci resistant to commonly used antibiotics (26.3% ~ 47.4%), a strain of 5.3%) is resistant to vancomycin. The detection rates of ESBLs producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 29.8% and 21.0%, respectively. Conclusions Gram-negative bacilli are the main pathogens of urinary tract infection in our hospital. The common pathogens of urinary tract infection are seriously drug-resistant. Pathogens and their drug resistance should be tested in time so that antibiotics can be used reasonably.