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目的探究新疆阿克苏地区农村慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的危险因素。方法采用整群随机抽样方法 2007年12月至2008年1月随机抽取阿克苏农村地区2887名常住人口为调查对象,进行问卷和肺功能检测。以支气管舒张试验后,FEV1/FVC<70%,并排除其他心肺疾病作为COPD的诊断标准。结果共有2568名资料完整者纳入分析,该地区农村COPD总患病率为3.9%,知晓率仅为9.9%;多因素分析显示,COPD的主要危险因素有维吾尔族(维吾尔族与汉族比较,OR=3.496,95%CI:1.986～6.156)、年龄(≥60岁与<20岁比较,OR=79.457,95%CI:10.574～597.075)、症状(14岁前经常咳嗽与无此症状者比较,OR=1.703,95%CI:1.059～2.738)、体重指数(BMI)(与正常BMI比较,OR=2.548,95%CI:1.038～6.253)、肥胖(2度肥胖与正常BMI比较,OR=7.734,95%CI:1.802～33.196)。结论该地区COPD患病与维吾尔族、年龄大、14岁前经常咳嗽、低体重指数、2度肥胖密切相关。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rural Aksu, Xinjiang. Methods A total of 2887 permanent residents in rural Aksu from December 2007 to January 2008 were enrolled in this study. The questionnaires and pulmonary function tests were performed. After bronchodilator test, FEV1 / FVC <70%, and exclude other cardiopulmonary diseases as the diagnostic criteria for COPD. Results A total of 2568 data were included in the analysis. The overall prevalence rate of COPD in rural areas in this area was 3.9% and awareness rate was only 9.9%. Multivariate analysis showed that the main risk factors of COPD were Uygur (Uygur vs Han, OR = 3.496, 95% CI: 1.986 ~ 6.156), age (OR = 79.457, 95% CI: 10.574-59.075) at age ≥60 and <20 years old. OR = 1.703, 95% CI: 1.059-2.738), body mass index (BMI) (OR = 2.548, 95% CI: 1.038-6.253 compared with normal BMI) , 95% CI: 1.802 ~ 33.196). Conclusion The prevalence of COPD in this area is closely related to the Uygur nationality, the older age, the frequent cough before age 14, the low body mass index, and the second degree obesity.