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采用X射线衍射法测试了淬火与锯切后铝合金厚板表面残余应力的边缘效应,得到了厚板表面边缘区域残余应力的分布区间和一般规律。结果表明,淬火与锯切后厚板表面边缘应力分布趋势大体相同,但淬火工艺是一种剧烈的热量交换及快速冷却过程,边缘应力分布呈现奇异性;而锯切工艺是一种可忽略热量交换的慢速应力重构过程,应力分布较为均匀。另外,应力释放范围与板厚有关,且应力释放程度受改变初始应力分布状态的工艺、板尺寸及约束方式影响。
The edge effect of residual stress on the surface of aluminum alloy plate after quenching and sawing was tested by X-ray diffraction. The distribution of residual stress in the edge of plate surface and its general rule were obtained. The results show that the trend of stress distribution on the surface of slab is roughly the same after quenching and sawing, but the quenching process is a violent heat exchange and rapid cooling process, and the edge stress distribution shows singularity. The sawing process is a negligible heat The exchange of slow stress reconstruction process, the stress distribution is more uniform. In addition, the range of stress release is related to the thickness of the slab, and the degree of stress release is influenced by the process, plate size, and restraint method that change the initial stress distribution.