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目的探讨儿童过敏性紫癜(HSP)的临床特点和发生肾损害(HSPN)的相关危险因素。方法回顾分析136例儿童HSP的临床资料,按照是否伴有肾损害分为HSPN组43例和非HSPN组93例,采用单因素χ2检验和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析HSPN发生的相关危险因素。结果①136例HSP中男女比例为1.6 1,6-10岁患儿占84.5%,冬春季发病者占71.3%,上呼吸道感染为最常见诱因,临床分型以皮疹型最多,占43.4%;②单因素分析显示HSPN组年龄≥6岁、持续性皮疹、PLT升高、血便及IgG升高者比例明显高于非HSPN组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);③多因素Logistic回归分析显示年龄≥6岁、持续性皮疹、PLT升高及IgG升高是HSPN的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论儿童HSP易发生肾损害,对年龄≥6岁、持续性皮疹、PLT升高及IgG升高的HSP患儿应加强随访。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) and related risk factors of renal damage (HSPN). Methods The clinical data of 136 children with HSP were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether renal damage was involved in 43 cases of HSPN and 93 cases of non-HSPN, single factor χ2 test and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the related risk factors of HSPN. Results ① The ratio of male to female in 136 cases of HSP was 1.6% in children aged 1,6 to 10 years, 71.3% in winter and spring, and the most common cause was upper respiratory tract infection. The rash type was the largest in clinical classification (43.4%). Univariate analysis showed that the proportion of persistent rash, PLT, bloody stools and IgG in HSPN group was significantly higher than that in non-HSPN group (P <0.05). ③Multivariate logistic regression analysis Age ≥ 6 years old, persistent rash, elevated PLT and elevated IgG were risk factors for HSPN (P <0.05). Conclusions Children with HSP are susceptible to renal damage. Patients with HSP ≥6 years, persistent rash, elevated PLT and elevated IgG should be followed up.