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5·12汶川地震诱发大量的崩塌、滑坡、堰塞湖,导致了大量的水土流失。基于北京一号小卫星影像数据,在重灾区共解译出崩塌、滑坡点总面积2264.53km2。通过对重灾区内距离地震破裂带分别做5km、10km、30km、50km、100km的缓冲区,分别统计不同区段的崩塌、滑坡体的面积,结合野外实地考察和简易测量数据来确定不同区段的松散土体厚度,初步计算出重灾区的崩塌、滑坡水土流失量为相当于全国一年的水土流失量。通过对重灾区34处重点堰塞湖的堰塞坝堆积方量进行计算,估算所有堰塞湖的堰塞坝水土流失量为1.87×108t。重灾区山地灾害的水土流失总量为55.86×108t。讨论估算中存在的问题,提出了进一步提高精度的措施。
5.12 Wenchuan earthquake induced a large number of landslides, landslides, dammed lake, resulting in a large number of soil erosion. Based on Beijing No.1 satellite image data, a total of 2264.53km2 of landslide spots were interpreted in the hardest hit areas. Through the buffer zones of 5km, 10km, 30km, 50km and 100km away from the earthquake rupture zone in the hardest hit, the area of landslide and landslide in different sections are counted separately, the field sections and simple measurement data are combined to determine the different sections Of the loose soil thickness, the initial calculation of the collapse of the hardest hit, landslide soil erosion amount is equivalent to a year of soil erosion. Based on the calculation of the stacking square of the dammed barges at the 34 key dammed lakes in the hardest hit, it is estimated that the total amount of soil and water loss in the barrage dam at the dammed lakes is 1.87 × 108t. The total amount of soil erosion for the mountain disaster in the hardest hit is 55.86 × 108t. Discuss the problems in the estimation, and put forward measures to further improve the accuracy.