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传统的同步电动机与异步电动机相比具有突出的优点 ,如效率高、功率因数高 ,但是同步电动机仍然不能取代异步电动机用于小功率简单驱动场合 .电磁式的同步电动机需要附加起动控制装置而永磁同步电动机一般用于变频传动 .用于抽油机自起动的稀土永磁同步电动机是一种复合电机 ,它兼有同步电动机与异步电动机的优点 ,起动时如同异步电动机而牵入同步后运行在同步转速 .笔者研制的稀土永磁同步电动机转子上装有空间对称的鼠笼条和稀土磁铁 .抽油机负荷特点是驱动电动机需要起动转矩大而运行时负荷率很低 (30 % ) ,介绍了研制的稀土永磁同步电动机的结构和设计特点和节能机理 .油田现场试验结果表明驱动方案可行 ,用稀土永磁同步电动机替代三相异步电动机来驱动抽油机可节电 1 5%左右 .最后讨论了驱动电动机的优缺点和相应解决方法
Compared with asynchronous motors, traditional synchronous motors have outstanding advantages such as high efficiency and high power factor, but synchronous motors still can not replace asynchronous motors for simple driving with low power. Electromagnetic synchronous motors require additional starting control devices Magnetic synchronous motor is generally used for variable frequency drive.Re-permanent magnet synchronous motor for pumping unit self-starting is a compound motor, which combines the advantages of synchronous motor and asynchronous motor, starting as asynchronous motor and pull into synchronization after the operation The synchronous speed.The author developed a rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor equipped with space symmetrical squirrel cage and rare earth magnets.The pumping unit load is characterized by the need to start the motor drive torque and run-time load rate is very low (30%), The structure, design characteristics and energy-saving mechanism of Rare-earth Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor are introduced.The field test results show that the driving scheme is feasible and the rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor can replace the three-phase asynchronous motor to drive the pumping unit to save electricity by about 15% Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the drive motor and corresponding solutions are discussed