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随着课程改革逐步向纵深发展,小学的英语课堂发生了很大的变化。大部分教师以对话内容为主的课设计得都很优秀。但是,对小学英语阅读课的设计却不是很理想。试看这一案例:
1 案例一
在宜兴市的“小学英语教师‘三优课’比赛”上的一节课:
1.1 教学片断:
Topic: My family
Learn these new words and phrases: university, nature, Beijing Opera, be fond of , be strict with,How happy we are!
Teaching Steps:
1、Sing a song:
2、Free talk:
…
What do you like? (I like…)
I see , you are fond of…
Teach: be fond of ( on-fond---be fond of)
What are you fond of ?(I'm fond of…) (让学生跟教师反复读)
3、Presentation:
(1)Beijing Opera
T: What's your father fond of ? S1: He's fond of…
T: Is your grandfather fond of Beijing Opera? S2: …(板书新单词Beijing Opera,让学生跟读几遍。)
(2)university,be strict with, nature, How happy we are!
T introduce her family: There are three people in my family.My husband,my daughter and
I. I hope my daughter study in a university in the future, So we are strict with her. We all like
nature. How happy we are! (板书新单词和句子university,be strict with, nature, How happy we are! 让学生跟读几遍)
(3.)呈现课文.
T: This is Mike's family.Listen carefully and answer some questions.
(多媒体呈现四个问题,学生听后回答。)
(4) Read the passage by themselves ,then read after T.
(5) Consolidation: Fill in the blankets. (根据阅读的课文,填写空格,概括课文。)
4.Play a game: Guessing game.(根据几句英文描述猜人或物,让学生在游戏中阅读理解。)
5.Let the student talk about their families.(巩固新知,运用新知)
6.Summary
7. Homework.
1.2 案例分析:此处所举的是一个典型的阅读课的案例,反映出目前在执教小学高年级英语阅读课的教师中普遍存在的问题:
1.2.1 问题一:新知识引出创设的情景没有完整性。在这教学过程中,老师引导的重点在于让学生对于新知识形成一个初步的整体的概念,吸引学生对于接下来的学习的注意力。在这节可里,教师分三个情节设计教授了新单词和词组,由学生对话引出了be fond of;由问学生家人引出新词组Beijing Opera;由介绍自己的家人引出其他几个新单词和词组university,be strict with, nature, How happy we are! 这样的设计显得零碎。为了便于学生更好的理解新单词和词组,教师应该把这些新单词设计在一个完整的情节里,让学生整体感知并理解掌握。
1.2.2 问题二:新单词和词组的操练和巩固形式单一,都是在教师引出后反复的朗读。这样学生对于学生理解和掌握并没有起到很大的效果。阅读教学不同于课文教学。课文教学的特点是少,慢,精,需要宇斟句酌,属于精读。而阅读教学是以多,快,广为教学特点,属于泛读。对于新单词和词组的理解和掌握我们应该重点把它们放在短文里来理解。而这节课在后面的教学中也没有体现这一点。
1.2.3 问题三:巩固和活用太少。 阅读教学最重要的是培养学生阅读的乐趣以及阅读的技能。让学生养成独立阅读获取信息的能力。教师在教学中应该注意传授学生有效的阅读方法。这节课教师只是让学生能读懂要教授的这篇短文,而后来没有让学生自己来向大家自己的家庭情况,没有做到真正意义上的理解和掌握。而且设计的游戏也只是蜻蜓点水,没有让学生学会掌握阅读的技巧。
笔者又从“无锡市第二届小学英语教师教学技能大赛”听到这样一节和前面一节教学内容一模一样的参赛课:
2 案例二
Topic: My family
Learn these new words and phrases: university, nature, Beijing Opera, be fond of , be strict with,How happy we are!
Teaching Steps:
1、Sing a song:
2、Free talk:
…
What do you like? (I like…)
I see , you are fond of…
Teach: be fond of ( on-fond---be fond of)
What are you fond of ?(I'm fond of…)
3、Presentation:
(1)介绍father
①.Look , this is my father. Guess, what's he fond of?
He's fond of cars.(媒体呈现图片及句子)
②.Every week he drives his car to Shanghai, because he works in a university in Shanghai. (媒体呈现图片及句子)
Teach : university(unit---university),read the sentence.
③.He's a teacher. He teaches English. (Ss read after the T) (媒体呈现图片及句子)
④.I was his student. He was very strict with me. Now he's also very strict with me.
Teach: strict(street---strict), read the sentence: He's also very strict with me.(媒体呈现图片及句子)
(2)分段教学
Paragraph 1
①.Now you know sth. about me and my father. Do you want to know the other people in my family? (Yes)
②.I have a happy family. It's…… (T make a model, Ss try to retell this paragraph)
Paragraph 2
①.Ssread paragraph 2 quickly by yourselves.
②.Play the game: Who's who? Are you ready?
③. Enjoy some video show, then tell me: their jobs and what they are fond of.
(生看录像,了解每个家庭成员的信息)
④. Finish the form: What are their jobs? What are they fond of?
(生说出每个家庭成员的职业爱好,完成列表)
⑤Listening and comprehension:(生听录音,完成选择)
Paragraph 3
(选择题最后一题What do they all like?引出):nature
(欣赏大自然风光) nature(picture---nature)
The nature is very.
We all like nature, so we often go walking, swimming together.
(媒体呈现句子,生跟读第三段内容)
We should protect nature. (渗透思想教育)
4、Reading :(以小组为单位自读课文)
5、Consolidation:
(教师先示范,生再上台表演,媒体用表格式提供高月一家的信息。生看图或表格中的信息完成写作并展示)
6、Summary:
Father and mother I love you.-----Family
A family is full of love and joy.
How happy we are! (生跟读,体会)
案例分析:这节课的设计有以下特点:1.由Free talk中的be fond of,来猜猜文中父亲的喜好,并同时解决有关父亲的背景材料,分解文章内容,降低学习难度,但又不打破阅读教学的整体性,同时也不使教学内容零碎呈现,主线直穿文章。
2.对文章采用逐段分析,符合小学生的年龄特点。采用图片、录像等辅助手段,形象直观的展现文章内容,变枯燥乏味为生动有趣,吸引学生,变被动学习为主动学习。穿插各种题型,帮助学生巩固理解。
3.高年级学生有写的能力,适当的对所学内容进行拓展训练,有利于学生的长远发展,同时写作也为提高学生对语言综合运用的能力搭建舞台。
总之,作为小学英语教师,我们应该注意以下几点:
1.重视英语阅读教学,明确阅读教学是英语教学中一个重要部分。
2.阅读教学在教材的选择和教学方法上不能于课文教学混为一体。
3.我们的阅读课要重学生的情感,营造宽松、民主、和谐的教学氛围;要以学生为中心,全心全意为学生服务;要加强对学生学习策略的指导,培养其自主学习的能力。
1 案例一
在宜兴市的“小学英语教师‘三优课’比赛”上的一节课:
1.1 教学片断:
Topic: My family
Learn these new words and phrases: university, nature, Beijing Opera, be fond of , be strict with,How happy we are!
Teaching Steps:
1、Sing a song:
2、Free talk:
…
What do you like? (I like…)
I see , you are fond of…
Teach: be fond of ( on-fond---be fond of)
What are you fond of ?(I'm fond of…) (让学生跟教师反复读)
3、Presentation:
(1)Beijing Opera
T: What's your father fond of ? S1: He's fond of…
T: Is your grandfather fond of Beijing Opera? S2: …(板书新单词Beijing Opera,让学生跟读几遍。)
(2)university,be strict with, nature, How happy we are!
T introduce her family: There are three people in my family.My husband,my daughter and
I. I hope my daughter study in a university in the future, So we are strict with her. We all like
nature. How happy we are! (板书新单词和句子university,be strict with, nature, How happy we are! 让学生跟读几遍)
(3.)呈现课文.
T: This is Mike's family.Listen carefully and answer some questions.
(多媒体呈现四个问题,学生听后回答。)
(4) Read the passage by themselves ,then read after T.
(5) Consolidation: Fill in the blankets. (根据阅读的课文,填写空格,概括课文。)
4.Play a game: Guessing game.(根据几句英文描述猜人或物,让学生在游戏中阅读理解。)
5.Let the student talk about their families.(巩固新知,运用新知)
6.Summary
7. Homework.
1.2 案例分析:此处所举的是一个典型的阅读课的案例,反映出目前在执教小学高年级英语阅读课的教师中普遍存在的问题:
1.2.1 问题一:新知识引出创设的情景没有完整性。在这教学过程中,老师引导的重点在于让学生对于新知识形成一个初步的整体的概念,吸引学生对于接下来的学习的注意力。在这节可里,教师分三个情节设计教授了新单词和词组,由学生对话引出了be fond of;由问学生家人引出新词组Beijing Opera;由介绍自己的家人引出其他几个新单词和词组university,be strict with, nature, How happy we are! 这样的设计显得零碎。为了便于学生更好的理解新单词和词组,教师应该把这些新单词设计在一个完整的情节里,让学生整体感知并理解掌握。
1.2.2 问题二:新单词和词组的操练和巩固形式单一,都是在教师引出后反复的朗读。这样学生对于学生理解和掌握并没有起到很大的效果。阅读教学不同于课文教学。课文教学的特点是少,慢,精,需要宇斟句酌,属于精读。而阅读教学是以多,快,广为教学特点,属于泛读。对于新单词和词组的理解和掌握我们应该重点把它们放在短文里来理解。而这节课在后面的教学中也没有体现这一点。
1.2.3 问题三:巩固和活用太少。 阅读教学最重要的是培养学生阅读的乐趣以及阅读的技能。让学生养成独立阅读获取信息的能力。教师在教学中应该注意传授学生有效的阅读方法。这节课教师只是让学生能读懂要教授的这篇短文,而后来没有让学生自己来向大家自己的家庭情况,没有做到真正意义上的理解和掌握。而且设计的游戏也只是蜻蜓点水,没有让学生学会掌握阅读的技巧。
笔者又从“无锡市第二届小学英语教师教学技能大赛”听到这样一节和前面一节教学内容一模一样的参赛课:
2 案例二
Topic: My family
Learn these new words and phrases: university, nature, Beijing Opera, be fond of , be strict with,How happy we are!
Teaching Steps:
1、Sing a song:
2、Free talk:
…
What do you like? (I like…)
I see , you are fond of…
Teach: be fond of ( on-fond---be fond of)
What are you fond of ?(I'm fond of…)
3、Presentation:
(1)介绍father
①.Look , this is my father. Guess, what's he fond of?
He's fond of cars.(媒体呈现图片及句子)
②.Every week he drives his car to Shanghai, because he works in a university in Shanghai. (媒体呈现图片及句子)
Teach : university(unit---university),read the sentence.
③.He's a teacher. He teaches English. (Ss read after the T) (媒体呈现图片及句子)
④.I was his student. He was very strict with me. Now he's also very strict with me.
Teach: strict(street---strict), read the sentence: He's also very strict with me.(媒体呈现图片及句子)
(2)分段教学
Paragraph 1
①.Now you know sth. about me and my father. Do you want to know the other people in my family? (Yes)
②.I have a happy family. It's…… (T make a model, Ss try to retell this paragraph)
Paragraph 2
①.Ssread paragraph 2 quickly by yourselves.
②.Play the game: Who's who? Are you ready?
③. Enjoy some video show, then tell me: their jobs and what they are fond of.
(生看录像,了解每个家庭成员的信息)
④. Finish the form: What are their jobs? What are they fond of?
(生说出每个家庭成员的职业爱好,完成列表)
⑤Listening and comprehension:(生听录音,完成选择)
Paragraph 3
(选择题最后一题What do they all like?引出):nature
(欣赏大自然风光) nature(picture---nature)
The nature is very.
We all like nature, so we often go walking, swimming together.
(媒体呈现句子,生跟读第三段内容)
We should protect nature. (渗透思想教育)
4、Reading :(以小组为单位自读课文)
5、Consolidation:
(教师先示范,生再上台表演,媒体用表格式提供高月一家的信息。生看图或表格中的信息完成写作并展示)
6、Summary:
Father and mother I love you.-----Family
A family is full of love and joy.
How happy we are! (生跟读,体会)
案例分析:这节课的设计有以下特点:1.由Free talk中的be fond of,来猜猜文中父亲的喜好,并同时解决有关父亲的背景材料,分解文章内容,降低学习难度,但又不打破阅读教学的整体性,同时也不使教学内容零碎呈现,主线直穿文章。
2.对文章采用逐段分析,符合小学生的年龄特点。采用图片、录像等辅助手段,形象直观的展现文章内容,变枯燥乏味为生动有趣,吸引学生,变被动学习为主动学习。穿插各种题型,帮助学生巩固理解。
3.高年级学生有写的能力,适当的对所学内容进行拓展训练,有利于学生的长远发展,同时写作也为提高学生对语言综合运用的能力搭建舞台。
总之,作为小学英语教师,我们应该注意以下几点:
1.重视英语阅读教学,明确阅读教学是英语教学中一个重要部分。
2.阅读教学在教材的选择和教学方法上不能于课文教学混为一体。
3.我们的阅读课要重学生的情感,营造宽松、民主、和谐的教学氛围;要以学生为中心,全心全意为学生服务;要加强对学生学习策略的指导,培养其自主学习的能力。