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原发性肝癌是我国最常见恶性肿瘤之一,其死亡率在各种恶性肿瘤中仅次于胃癌与食管癌,列第三位。近二三十年来,肝癌的诊断和治疗都有了长足进步。在诊断方面,甲胎蛋白(AFP)的临床应用将肝癌的诊断水平提到了一个崭新的高度,各种肝癌标志的应用更弥补了AFP的不足。影像诊断的发展,甚至小到1cm的癌结节也能被发现。在治疗方面,手术切除使肝癌有了根治的希望。肝癌的早期发现更显著增加了根治手术的机会。其它如放疗、化疗、中药和免疫治疗,乃至栓塞治疗、局部注射等应用得当无不有一定的疗效。问题在于在临床实践中应
Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies in China. Its mortality rate is second only to gastric cancer and esophageal cancer among various malignant tumors, ranking third. In the past two or three decades, the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer have made great progress. In terms of diagnosis, the clinical application of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has raised the diagnostic level of liver cancer to a new height, and the application of various liver cancer markers has made up for the lack of AFP. The development of imaging diagnosis, even as small as 1cm of cancerous nodules can be found. In terms of treatment, surgical resection has made it possible for liver cancer to be cured. Early detection of liver cancer significantly increases the chance of radical surgery. Other applications such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, Chinese medicine and immunotherapy, as well as embolization therapy, local injections, etc., all have certain effects. The problem lies in the clinical practice