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通过分析大型CFB锅炉效率的计算方法,建立了CFB锅炉损失的数学模型,对我国引进型300 MW CFB锅炉的损失和效率进行了计算,并与热量法的计算结果进行了比较.结果表明:方法比热量法更能全面地反映电站锅炉的各种损失以及产生的部位;锅炉效率远低于热效率的原因在于锅炉不仅存在外部损失,还存在大量的不可逆内部损失;锅炉主要外部损失仍为排烟热损失和机械不完全燃烧损失;从降低炉内平均温度与提高炉内水和蒸汽的平均温度两方面采取措施,可减少传热过程中的损失,提高锅炉效率.
Through the analysis of the efficiency of large CFB boiler, the mathematical model of CFB boiler loss is established, and the loss and efficiency of the imported 300 MW CFB boiler in China are calculated and compared with the calorimetric results. The results show that: (1) The method can reflect all kinds of losses and the generated parts of the power plant boiler better than the calorimetry method. The reason why the boiler efficiency is much lower than the thermal efficiency is that the boiler not only has external loss but also irreversible internal loss. External loss is still the exhaust heat loss and mechanical incomplete combustion loss; from reducing the average furnace temperature and improve the average temperature of water and steam inside the furnace to take measures to reduce heat transfer loss, improve boiler efficiency .