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目的研究药膜接触时间和受试样本量对我国中华按蚊菊酯类杀虫剂抗药性生物测定结果的影响。方法在河南省开封县和云南省盈江县采集中华按蚊幼虫进行饲养,取羽化后3 d龄蚊虫进行抗药性基础水平测定;测定不同药膜接触时间下,蚊虫的抗药性;在药膜接触时间为100 min时,一个接触筒中不同受试样本量抗药性的差异。用Graphpad Prism软件绘制抗性击倒率(Rate of knockdown,r KD)随时间变化的趋势图,分析药膜接触时间和受试样本量对抗药性测定结果的影响。结果受试地抗性水平均较高,开封县中华按蚊24 h校正死亡率为58.68%,盈江县为67.20%。受试样本量一定时,r KD随着药膜接触时间增加而增大,于80 min时达到峰值,开封县为66.78%,盈江县为71.30%,而后进入平稳期。药膜接触时间一定时,受试样本量越少,击倒越迟,单只蚊难击倒。结论药膜接触时间和受试样本量对中华按蚊抗药性测定结果有很大的影响。对高抗性蚊虫,应适当延长药膜接触时间;如何减少接触筒中受试蚊虫的数量而又能获得其抗性水平,需要进一步的实验验证及相应数理统计模型的建立。
Objective To study the influence of drug exposure time and sample size on the bioassay results of Anopheles anthracis insecticides in China. Methods Anopheles sinensis larvae were collected in Kaifeng County of Henan Province and Yingjiang County of Yunnan Province. The mosquitoes at 3 d after emergence were assayed for drug resistance. The drug resistance of mosquitoes at different exposure time was measured. When the contact time is 100 min, the difference in drug resistance of different test samples in one contact tube. The trend graph of Rate of knockdown (r KD) over time was plotted with Graphpad Prism software to analyze the effect of membrane contact time and sample size on the drug resistance assay results. Results The resistance level of the tested land was high. The corrected mortality rate of Anopheles sinensis in Kaifeng County was 58.68% after 24 h and 67.20% in Yingjiang County. With a certain sample size, r KD increased with the contact time of the membrane and reached its peak at 80 min, accounting for 66.78% in Kaifeng County and 71.30% in Yingjiang County, and then entered a stable period. When the contact time of the membrane is certain, the smaller the sample size, the later the knockdown, and only the mosquito will be knocked down. Conclusions The contact time of the film and the sample size have a great influence on the determination of the resistance of Anopheles sinensis. For mosquitoes with high resistance, the contact time of the membrane should be prolonged properly. How to reduce the number of mosquitoes in contact with the cartridge and obtain their resistance level requires further experimental verification and the establishment of mathematical model.