组织胞浆菌病是由组织胞浆菌(真菌)引起的流行性疾病。临床症状常不典型,在流行区小儿发热原因不明常应考虑此病。通常通过呼吸道感染,典型症状和体征很像肺结核,常误诊为肺结核病,但抗痨治疗完全无效。这也是很值得注意的。这种真菌常寄生于人或动物的组织细胞胞浆内所以叫组织胞浆菌。最高流行区在北美洲,但在世界上已有40个国家有此种病例报告。这种真菌目前发现的有两种类型:一种为荚膜组织胞浆菌(Histoplasm Capsulatum),其酵母样组织期为一园或椭园形细胞,直径2～4微米,主要引起肺部病变,另一种主要见于非洲,叫杜波西组织胞浆菌(Histoplasm-aduboisii)体积较大,直径达10～15微米,主要病变在皮肤和骨头。国内曾先后报告过两例荚膜组织胞浆菌病。1965年我们曾在中华医学会广西分会病理年会上报告过1例在广西感染的组织胞浆菌病,病人为广西贵县人,农民,未到过外地,更未出过国,在国内感染的组织胞浆菌病这在 Histoplasmosis is a pandemic disease caused by histoplasmosis (fungus). Clinical symptoms are often atypical, pediatric fever in endemic areas often unknown due to fever. Usually through the respiratory tract infection, the typical symptoms and signs of tuberculosis, often misdiagnosed as tuberculosis, but anti-tuberculosis treatment was completely ineffective. This is also very noteworthy. This fungus is often parasitic in human or animal tissue cells cytoplasm so called histoplasmosis. The highest prevalence is in North America, but 40 countries in the world have reported such cases. There are two types of this fungus currently found: one is Histoplasm Capsulatum, whose yeast-like tissue is a park or elliptical cell with a diameter of 2 to 4 microns and mainly causes lung lesions The other species, mainly found in Africa, is Histoplasm-aduboisii, which is larger in size and 10 to 15 μm in diameter. The main lesions are on the skin and bones. Domestic has reported two cases of capsular histoplasmosis. In 1965, we reported one case of histoplasmosis in Guangxi at the Chinese Medical Association’s Guangxi branch of the pathology conference. The patients were Guangxi Guixian and peasants. They had not been to the field yet, and they had not been in the country Infected histoplasmosis is here