In the article,we attribute the main institutional reasons for impacts on citizenization of migrant workers to the urban-rural dual institution, and analyze its content and the basic characteristics.Then empirical analysis of the impact on the will, the ability,decision-making and process of citizenization of migrant workers is given by use of Logistic regressive model and investigation data.Finally a result is found that although the migrant workers have a strong desire for becoming citizens, the vast majority of migrant workers can not be converted to the public because of their capacity constraints, so as soon as possible to improve their ability of citizenization becomes the key to promote citizenization of migrant workers;furthermore,in the urban-rural dual institution,in addition to the household registration system,the employment system, the social security system,the land system and the education system have obvious obstacles on the will, the ability decision-making and process of citizenization of migrant workers.Therefore,the future focus of innovation of the urban-rural dual institution can not continue to remain in the formal aspects of the household registration system,but as soon as possible to switch to innovation of the employment system,the social security system,the land system and the education system which have a substantial impact on the rights and benefits of rural migrant workers,such as expectations and income. In the article, we attribute the main institutional reasons for impacts on citizenization of migrant workers to the urban-rural dual institution, and analyze its content and the basic characteristics. Empirical analysis of the impact on the will, the ability, decision-making and process of citizenization of migrant workers is given by use of Logistic regressive model and investigation data .Finally a result is found that although that migrant workers have a strong desire for becoming citizens, the vast majority of migrant workers can not be converted to the public because of their capacity constraints, so as soon as possible to improve their ability of citizenization becomes the key to promote citizenization of migrant workers; furthermore, in the urban-rural dual institution, in addition to the household registration system, the employment system, the social security system, the land system and the education system have obvious obstacles on the will, the ability decision-making and process of citizenization of migrant workers.Therefore, the future focus of innovation of the urban-rural dual institution can not continue to the in the formal aspects of the household registration system, but as soon as possible to switch to innovation of the employment system, the social security system, the land system and the education system which have a substantial impact on the rights and benefits of rural migrant workers, such as expectations and income.