由于地铁建设投资巨大,具有公用事业的性质,各国城市地铁几乎都有不同程度的营业性亏损,因此通过有效途径提高收益水平,尽可能的压缩运营成本尤为重要。本文从地铁运营收益来源及与成本费用构成入手,对地铁运营企业如何降本增效进行探讨。 Due to the huge investment in subway construction and the nature of public utilities, almost all urban metros in various countries have operating losses in varying degrees. Therefore, it is especially important to reduce operating costs as much as possible through effective ways to increase profitability. This article starts with the sources of the revenue of subway operation and the composition of costs and expenses, and discusses how to reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of subway operators.