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债权的相对性已被各国所承认,而对于债权的不可侵害性,承认范围还有限,我国立法对此还没有明确的态度。第三人侵害债权制度的建立就意味着债权不可侵害性的确认,其超越了传统民法债权的相对性原则,对于债权人利益的保护可以说是另辟蹊径,增强了对债权人合法权益的保护力度。作为相对权的债权成为侵权行为的客体,不会改变其属于侵权责任的性质。因此,我国未来民法典,将其归于侵权行为法不是无稽之谈。
The relative nature of claims has been recognized by all countries, but for the inviolability of claims, the scope of recognition is limited, our country’s legislation is not yet a clear attitude. The establishment of the third party infringement claims system implies the inviolability confirmation of creditor’s rights, which goes beyond the principle of relativity of the traditional civil law claims. It can be said that the protection of the creditors’ interests is another way to strengthen the protection of the creditor’s legitimate rights and interests. Obligation as a relative right becomes the object of infringement and will not change the nature of the liability which belongs to the infringement. Therefore, it is not nonsense that China’s future civil code should be attributed to tort law.