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威廉·福克纳是塑造“恶人”形象的高手,在其若干代表性著作,如《喧哗与骚动》《八月之光》《圣殿》和《我弥留之际》中,各种各样的恶人形象给读者留下了深刻的印象,乔·克里斯马斯就是其中之一。他贩卖私酒、对他人态度冷漠,是个杀人犯。然而,乔的“恶”并不是如荀子所说的那种单一型的天性恶,而是美国南方畸形的文化氛围所产生的恶,即文化恶的代表。本文从分析乔·克里斯马斯的自欺行为入手,最终得出结论:美国文化中存在的文化之恶(种族主义)是导致克里斯马斯自欺行为的罪魁祸首。
William Faulkner is a master who shapes the image of the “wicked man.” In a number of his representative works, such as The Sound and the Fury, August Light, The Temple, and My Memories, The image of the wicked impressed the reader, one of which was Joe Krismas. He sold private wine, indifference to others, is a murderer. However, Joe’s “evil” is not the one-type nature evil as Xunzi said, but the evil created by the abnormal cultural atmosphere in the south of the United States, that is, the representative of cultural evil. Starting with an analysis of Joe Krismas’ self-deception, this article concludes that the culture of evil (racism) in American culture is the culprit that led to Chrismas self-deception.