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【目的】探讨婴幼儿早期持续的神经学异常且以后异常消退的小儿预后,为制定干预策略提供依据。【方法】对46例高危儿体检神经学异常者进行干预并随诊分析,随诊最后年龄为4~5岁。以同时期无高危因素无神经学异常和发育异常的小儿为对照组。【结果】19/46神经学异常持续1年以上者,其认知和精细运动水平明显低于对照组并较非持续1年以上高危儿低,4~5岁随访时其中6/19认知能力、5/19精细运动功能未达到该年龄发育水平。持续的非对称性神经学阳性体征与对称性者认知和精细功能比较差异有显著性(P值分别为0.028和0.036)。【结论】高危婴幼儿早期神经学异常体征持续存在,对将来的认知功能发展有不良影响。
【Objective】 To investigate the prognosis of infants and young children with early persistent neurological abnormalities and subsequent abnormal regression in order to provide evidence for the development of intervention strategies. 【Methods】 46 cases of abnormal neurological examination of high-risk children were intervened and followed up, with a final follow-up of 4 to 5 years. No risk factors in the same period without neurological abnormalities and dysplasia in children as a control group. 【Results】 The neurological abnormalities in 19/46 lasted more than one year, and their cognitive and elaborate exercise levels were significantly lower than those in the control group and were lower than those in non-persistent high-risk children over 1 year Ability, 5/19 Fine motor function does not reach this age level. Persistent asymmetry neurological positive signs and symmetry of cognitive and functional differences were significant (P = 0.028 and 0.036, respectively). 【Conclusion】 Early signs of neurological abnormalities in high-risk infants and young children persist, which may have adverse effects on the future development of cognitive function.