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目的:通过检测阴道唾液酸酶探讨孕妇细菌性阴道病与不良妊娠结局的关系。方法:随机抽取2008年～2011年在我站定期产前检查和分娩的568例孕妇进行阴道分泌物唾液酸酶检测及传统的Amsel’s法诊断细菌性阴道病。其中116例唾液酸酶阳性者为研究组,452例阴性者为对照组;而Amsel’s法阳性89例,阴性470例。2组孕周、年龄、胎产次差异均无统计学意义。最后对2组患者的妊娠结局进行跟踪随访。结果:568例孕妇采用唾液酸酶法检测,BV检出阳性率20.4%(116/568);而用Amsel’s法检测,BV阳性率为15.6%(89/568)。116例作为研究组的胎膜早破、早产、新生儿感染和产褥感染发生率分别是41.37%%、22.41%%、13.79%、27.58;明显高于未检出BV而作为对照组的452例孕妇的15.92%、4.20%、2.65%、5.30%(P<0.01)。结论:妊娠合并细菌性阴道病明显增加了孕妇胎膜早破、早产、新生儿感染及产褥感染的机会,是不良妊娠结局的重要因素之一。阴道唾液酸酶检测是诊断BV的一种快速、便捷和有效的方法。值得临床推广应用。
Objective: To explore the relationship between bacterial vaginosis and adverse pregnancy outcome in pregnant women by detecting vaginal sialidase. Methods: A total of 568 pregnant women with regular prenatal examination and delivery from 2008 to 2011 were selected for vaginal secretions sialidase test and the traditional Amsel’s method for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. One hundred and sixty-six patients with positive sialidase were from the study group, while 452 were negative controls. The Amsel’s positive method was negative in 89 cases and negative in 470 cases. There was no significant difference in gestational age, age and birth weight between the two groups. Finally, follow-up of the pregnancy outcome of the two groups of patients. Results: 568 pregnant women were detected by sialidase method. The positive rate of BV was 20.4% (116/568). The positive rate of BV was 15.6% (89/568) by Amsel’s method. The incidence of premature rupture of membranes, premature birth, newborn infants and puerperal infection in 116 cases as study group were 41.37 %%, 22.41 %%, 13.79% and 27.58 respectively, which were significantly higher than those of control group Cases of pregnant women, 15.92%, 4.20%, 2.65%, 5.30% (P <0.01). Conclusion: Pregnancy with bacterial vaginosis significantly increases the chance of premature rupture of membranes, premature delivery, neonatal infection and puerperal infection and is one of the important factors of adverse pregnancy outcome. Vaginal sialidase test is a rapid, convenient and effective method to diagnose BV. Worthy of clinical application.