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种植体周围炎是指发生在正常行使功能的骨性结合种植体周围组织的炎症,它是引起种植体失败的主要原因。种植体周围炎在临床上表现为种植体周围流脓或者探诊出血、瘘管、牙龈退缩,X线片示种植体周围有骨丧失。引起种植体周围炎的因素很多,包括微生物、生物力学负载过重、患者基因易感性、有牙周炎病史和吸烟史都会增加种植体周围炎的风险。大部分学者认为:吸烟和有牙周炎病史会影响种植体的成功率,但是在患者基因易感性和种植体周围组织炎症之间的关系上未达成统一。本文就白介素-1(IL-1)的基因多态性、牙周炎病史和吸烟因素与种植体周围炎相关性的研究进展作一综述。
Peri-implantitis refers to the inflammation that occurs in the tissues surrounding the ossein-incorporated implants that normally function and is the primary cause of implants failure. Peri-implantitis is clinically manifested as pus or probing bleeding around the implant, fistulas, gingival recession, and x-ray findings of bone loss around the implant. There are many factors that contribute to peri-implant inflammation, including microbiology, biomechanical overloading, patient genetic susceptibility, history of periodontitis, and smoking history all increase the risk of peri-implantitis. Most scholars believe that smoking and having a history of periodontitis affect the success rate of implants, but there is no agreement on the relationship between gene susceptibility and tissue inflammation around the implant. This article reviews the research progress of IL-1 gene polymorphism, the history of periodontitis and the relationship between smoking and peri implantitis.