目前,我国对外直接投资主体存在一些问题,能与大型跨国公司竞争的大型企业非常少,且结构不合理;企业研发投入少,科技创新能力弱,知识产权保护意识不强;国有大企业的公司治理结构还不完善,缺乏激励机制,而产权较明晰的中小企业和私营企业的对外直接投资未能受到应有的重视。从产权约束角度看,在对外直接投资主体的选择上应着重考虑具有市场竞争力,已真正完成现代企业制度建设的国有中小企业和私营企业;从内部化优势角度看,构建我国对外直接投资主体,首先应从规模上着手,其次应培育我国企业跨国经营的比较优势。 At present, there are some problems with the main body of China’s foreign direct investment. There are very few large-scale enterprises that can compete with large multinational corporations and their structure is irrational. There is less investment in research and development, weak scientific and technological innovation and weak awareness of intellectual property protection. Large state- Governance structure is still not perfect, the lack of incentives, and more clearly the property rights of foreign direct investment in SMEs and private enterprises failed to receive due attention. From the perspective of property rights constraints, the choice of the main body of foreign direct investment should focus on the consideration of the state-owned SMEs and private-owned enterprises that have the market competitiveness and have truly completed the construction of the modern enterprise system. From the perspective of internalization advantages, the construction of China’s foreign direct investment entities , First of all should proceed from the scale, and secondly, should cultivate the comparative advantage of our country’s multinational operation.