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目的了解三门核电站周围居民对核电知识的认知水平,探讨影响因素和居民核电知识需求情况。方法采用入户问卷调查的方法,按居住地距离核电站的远近将调查对象分成6层,每层选择一定数量的普通居民和代表人士进行调查。结果在1 500名调查对象中,辐射知识知晓率为34.40%,认为核电站安全的占51.60%,支持当地建核电站的占31.93%。有79.80%的人认为很少或不能了解核电站相关知识,有71.27%的人有了解核电站相关知识的需求。不同性别、文化程度和年人均收入的居民对当地建设核电站的态度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论调查对象普遍关心核电站对健康和环境的影响,对核电和辐射知识认知水平较低,应加强相应知识的宣传和教育,以利于核电事业的发展。
Objective To understand the cognition level of residents around Sanmen NPP on nuclear power knowledge and discuss the influencing factors and the knowledge demand of residents. Methods The method of household questionnaire survey was used to divide the respondent into 6 layers according to the distance of residence from the nuclear power plant. Each level selected a certain number of ordinary residents and representatives to investigate. Results Among the 1 500 respondents, the awareness rate of radiation knowledge was 34.40%, accounting for 51.60% of the safety of nuclear power plants and 31.93% of that of local nuclear power plants. 79.80% of them think little or no knowledge about NPP and 71.27% have the knowledge of NPP. Residents with different genders, education levels and annual per capita income had statistically significant differences in attitudes toward the construction of local nuclear power stations (P <0.05). Conclusions Survey respondents are generally concerned with the health and environmental impacts of nuclear power plants. Their knowledge of nuclear power and radiation is relatively low. Propaganda and education of corresponding knowledge should be strengthened to facilitate the development of nuclear power industry.