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新年讲话(Neujahrsansprache)是国家元首在年末面向公众发表的一类政治性演讲体裁,这一体裁在中国和德国都留存已久。本文将从德国篇章语言学家Klaus Brinker关于语篇主题(Textthema)以及主题展开(Themenentfaltung)的理论出发,对2015年德国总理默克尔以及中国国家主席习近平的两篇新年讲话进行对比分析,从而归纳总结中德新年讲话之间的共性以及异性,并从文化层面解读异同产生的缘由。
The New Year’s speech (Neujahrsansprache) is the type of political speech that the head of state made available to the public at the end of the year. This genre has long been in existence in both China and Germany. Based on the theory of Textthema and Themenentfaltung by German discourse researcher Klaus Brinker, this article compares and analyzes the two New Year’s speeches of 2015 German Chancellor Merkel and Chinese President Xi Jinping. Summarize the commonalities and the opposite sex between the speech of China and Germany in the New Year, and explain the similarities and differences reason from the cultural level.