事实推定是一种特殊的司法证明方式,作为证据证明的辅助手段,有其特定的理论基础。事实推定的适用,不仅要遵循一般逻辑规则,而且要受特定的法律规则的约束,必须在穷尽了其他证明方法的情况下,事实推定才有适用的必要性,法官运用事实推定认定案件事实,必须心证公开,并且应当赋予当事人反驳的权利。事实推定能够产生转移提供证据责任的效果。 The de facto presumption is a special way of judicial proof, which has its own specific theoretical basis as a supporting evidence. The application of de facto presumptions should not only follow the general logic rules but also be bound by specific legal rules. Only when other proof methods have been exhausted, are the facts necessary for presumptions to be applied, and the judges use the facts to presume the facts of the cases, Must be open to the public, and should be given the right to refute the parties. The presumption of fact can produce the effect of shifting the burden of proof.