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目的了解汶川地震18个月后灾区中学生焦虑情绪发生状况。方法抽取地震灾区3所中学初一、初二、高一、高二年级学生共2 729人,采用青少年焦虑情绪障碍筛查表进行问卷调查。结果 44.6%的中学生存在焦虑情绪;女生焦虑情绪发生比例高于男生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=52.163,P<0.001);灾区中学生总体焦虑水平高于全国常模,差异有统计学意义(t=9.324、14.695,P均<0.001);高中生广泛性焦虑得分高于初中生,高二学生社交恐怖得分高于其他年级学生;具有地震相关经历的学生焦虑情绪发生比例高于对照组(χ2=20.419、5.155、5.994、38.5141、7.302,P<0.05或0.001)。结论震后18个月,灾区中学生普遍存在焦虑情绪,应重点关注女生、高中年级及具有地震相关经历的学生。
Objective To understand the condition of anxiety among middle school students in disaster area 18 months after Wenchuan earthquake. Methods A total of 2 729 students from the first, second, first and second year students of three middle schools in the earthquake-stricken area were selected. A questionnaire was conducted using the screening list of anxiety disorders among adolescents. Results There was anxiety in 44.6% of middle school students. The incidence of anxiety was higher in girls than in boys (χ2 = 52.163, P <0.001). The overall level of anxiety among middle school students in disaster areas was higher than that in other countries t = 9.324, 14.695, P <0.001). The scores of generalized anxiety in high school students were higher than that of junior high school students, and the scores of social terrorism in high school students were higher than those in other grades. The incidence of anxiety in students with earthquake related experience was higher than that of the control group = 20.419, 5.155, 5.994, 38.5141, 7.302, P <0.05 or 0.001). Conclusion At 18 months after the earthquake, there was a general anxiety among middle school students in disaster-stricken areas. The focus should be on girls, senior high school students and students with relevant earthquake-related experiences.