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摘要： 本文针对高职院校学生参加的英语应用能力A级考试听力部分的试题进行了细致分析，并结合多年教学经验总结出一些实用高效的解题技巧。
关键词： 高职学生 A级听力 分析 解题技巧
英语应用能力考试（Practical English Test For Colleges）是高职院校学生参加的英语等级考试，分为A、B两个等级。其中A级考试类似于过去的大学英语三级(CET-3)。听力考试是第一大项，听力试题难度适中，相当于甚至低于高考英语的听力难度。下面分析一下A级听力考试的题型，并结合笔者多年教学经验总结一些解题技巧。
A级听力分为三个部分，共15个小题，十道单选，五道填空。每题一分。
一、Section A
Section A听短对话并回答问题，只读一遍。每组对话一般是在一男一女之间进行的一问一答。问题一般由先讲话的人提出。题目均以问句形式出现，其中多数是特殊疑问句。这些问题涉及的内容大致归纳如下：
１）问“是什么、要什么、讨论什么、什么种类”等，如：
What is the woman’s answer?
What does the woman want for supper?
What are the two speakers talking about?
What kind of books does the man want to buy?
２）问“做什么”，如：
What does the woman tell the man to do first?
What are the speakers doing now?
What are the two speakers probably going to do?
３）问“什么含义”，如：
What does the man mean (imply)?
What kind of jacket does the woman suggest?
４）问“从对话中能获得什么信息或结论”，如：
What can we learn from the conversation?
What happened to the two speakers?
５）问“对某人或某事有什么看法”，如：
What do we know about Doctor Smith?
What does the woman think of the plan?
6)问“对话可能是在什么场所发生的”，如：
Where does this conversation most probably take place?
Where does this conversation most likely occur?
Where are the man and woman?
7）问时间，如：
When did the movie finally start?
When will the lecture begin?
8)问原因，也可以问目的，如：
Why is the man late?
Why did the man repair the car by himself?
9)问对话者某一方的身份、对话人之间的关系，如：
Who is the man?
What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
10） 问做某事的方式、方法或使用的交通工具，如：
How did the man go to Beijing?
How does the man usually go to work?
11） 问“对某事的感受如何”，如：
How does the man feel about the movie?
How do you like the report?
常见的解题技巧
听力考试第一步要做的事就是扫视材料，预测内容 。当广播中朗读听力要求时，我们要充分利用这个时间，迅速扫视书面文字中的题干及选项，通过扫视联系上下文，有根据地预测文段发生的时间、场所、人物，并预测出谈话的大致内容。并且，在扫视中我们对提出的问题尤其要注意。这样做的结果是听录音时我们可以有的放矢，做到有备而来，心中有数。也消除紧张情绪。SectionＡ中的对话比较简短，有时能从听到的内容中找到与选择项内容完全相同的部分，但有些情况下，往往不能找到，即对话中一般没有现成的答案。因此，在听的时候要注意抓住选择项的同义或反义词（组）用辨别法答题，或根据对话内容采用归纳、推论或辨别的方法回答。另外要学会取舍，抓住关键词，理解内容 。听力考试中最忌讳的就是词词计较，力求听懂所有词。其实，没必要听懂所有词，也不可能听懂所有词。我们在日常生活中听中文时，无论听什么，注意力都不会在每一个字或词上面，而是对文段或对话内容的整体的理解上。何况我们听的是英文，在英文句子中，对不同的词本身就有弱读和重读。关键词一般是动词、名词、形容词、副词等实义词及相互的短语，还要注意but， though等表示转折含义的虚词。以下为近年考试真题。
W: Tim， could you type the report again?
M: Certainly， I’ll do it right away.
Q: What will the man do?
A) Write a report.B) Type a report.
C) Check a report.D) Read a report.
对话中“ Could you type the report again?”（你能把这份报告再打一遍吗？），句中关键词为type，这句话直接地表明要打印而不是去写、读、核对这个报告，很显然B是正确答案。
M: Shall we go to the airport to meet Doctor Black this afternoon?
W: Oh， I forgot to tell you he had put off his trip.
Q: What do we know about Doctor Black?
A) He has changed his trip.B) He has canceled his trip.
C) He is arriving this afternoon.D) He forgot to arrange his trip.
对话中“he had put off his trip.”中的关键词语put off意为延期。与答案中change意思接近，而cancel意为取消，故A为正确答案。
M: Shall we have something special for a change ?
W: How about Japanese food？ I know a famous restaurant.
Q: What are they probably going to do?
A) Visit Japan.B) Travel abroad. C) Cook some food.D) Eat outside.
本句关键词change-food-restaurant可推断出他们是要改变一下吃饭的习惯，去餐馆就餐。D为正确答案。不可能为了吃顿饭跑到日本去。
二、Section B
Section B听长对话并回答2—3个问题，读两遍。本部分被学生认为是最简单的拿分题，因为大部分答案都能从原稿中直接获得。所涉及的问题与Section A相似，只不过对话长了些，问题多了些。答题技巧与上面A部分也相同。但要注意的是：对话中细节较多，所以只靠脑子记忆确实有困难。我们在做长对话听力时可以做一些简单的记录，这种记录要非常简练，要记重要环节。如文中提及的人物、事件、时间、地点、原因、方式、程度、数字、选择等信息都非常重要。笔记要提纲挈领，达到帮助记忆、推断和答题的目的即可。记录的方法多种多样，可以使用符号、画图、缩写形式等，只要自己能辨认就可以了。
下面是2003年12月真题：
原稿：
W: We’dliketomakeatripforalongweekend holiday， please?
M: Where would you like to go?
W: Dalian.
M: And where do you want to stay in Dalian?
W: We are not sure. Which hotel would you suggest?
M: The Holiday Inn is very good and it’s quite cheap.
W: OK， that’s where we’ll stay.
M: Would you complete this form please?
W: Is it all right if we pay by check?
M: Of course， that’s quite all right.
Q1.What is the woman talking about with the man?
Q2.How will the woman make the payment?
试题：Q1.A) Going shopping B) Staying at a hotel C) Taking a trip D) Buying a book
Q2.A) By check B) By credit card C) In cash D) By mail
该题中要记录的关键词为：make a trip-Dalian-Holiday Inn-by check，他们要去旅游圣地大连旅游，住在假日酒店，以支票的方式付款。答案中的shopping， book， credit card， cash， mail等信息并没有涉及到。因此C和A分别是正确答案。
三、Section C
Section C听短文以填空形式回答五个问题，每空不超过三个单词，读两遍。问题给出，答案也给了部分提示，而且提示部分大多数是从原文中节选下来的，类似于missing words。答题技巧为：先读懂5个问题，了解本段话涉及的大致内容，然后看着答案部分去听，错过那些与答案不相关的信息。补全答案中缺少的词语。下面是2003年12月真题。
原稿为：
Tina began to look for a new job. She went to the employment agency and filled out a form. But the agency was not able to find a place for her. Every day she looked at the help-wanted advertisement in the newspaper. She also talked to her friend about getting a job. But there was one big problem. Most jobs required experience and she had very little experience. Finally， she got a job as a saleswoman at a supermarket near her house. She was able to walk there. The pay wasn’t good but it was nicer than working in a factory. She liked being a saleswoman at first. After a few months， however， she found the job boring. She thought there would be no future for her to be a saleswoman.
试题：
1. Why did Tina come to the employment agency?
To look for ________________________.
2. What did she do in the employment agency?
She filled out________________________.
3. What was the problem with Tina?
She had little________________________.
4.What job did she get at the supermarket?
A job as a ________________________.
5. How did she feel about her new job a few months later?
She felt it was very________________________.
通读5个问题，我们可猜出该篇大意：Tina为了找工作去了职业介绍所，填写了什么东西，她存在什么问题，在超市找到一份工作，几个月后对新工作有什么看法。从语法结构看，前四小题应填名词（短语），第五题应填形容词。听的时候只盯住答案的提示部分即可。第一题答案提示To look for ?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇告诉大家要听录音中look for后是什么。原文第一句“Tina began to look for a new job.”很明确地说出了答案a new job，依此第二题的答案可从She went to the employment agency and filled out a form中找出。第三题的答案可从she had very little experience找出。第四题的答案可从she got a job as a saleswoman at a supermarket near her house找出。第五题的答案可从she found the job boring找出。
参考文献：
［1］ 王鸣.英语应用能力考试考前冲刺.电子工业出版社，2004.2.
关键词： 高职学生 A级听力 分析 解题技巧
英语应用能力考试（Practical English Test For Colleges）是高职院校学生参加的英语等级考试，分为A、B两个等级。其中A级考试类似于过去的大学英语三级(CET-3)。听力考试是第一大项，听力试题难度适中，相当于甚至低于高考英语的听力难度。下面分析一下A级听力考试的题型，并结合笔者多年教学经验总结一些解题技巧。
A级听力分为三个部分，共15个小题，十道单选，五道填空。每题一分。
一、Section A
Section A听短对话并回答问题，只读一遍。每组对话一般是在一男一女之间进行的一问一答。问题一般由先讲话的人提出。题目均以问句形式出现，其中多数是特殊疑问句。这些问题涉及的内容大致归纳如下：
１）问“是什么、要什么、讨论什么、什么种类”等，如：
What is the woman’s answer?
What does the woman want for supper?
What are the two speakers talking about?
What kind of books does the man want to buy?
２）问“做什么”，如：
What does the woman tell the man to do first?
What are the speakers doing now?
What are the two speakers probably going to do?
３）问“什么含义”，如：
What does the man mean (imply)?
What kind of jacket does the woman suggest?
４）问“从对话中能获得什么信息或结论”，如：
What can we learn from the conversation?
What happened to the two speakers?
５）问“对某人或某事有什么看法”，如：
What do we know about Doctor Smith?
What does the woman think of the plan?
6)问“对话可能是在什么场所发生的”，如：
Where does this conversation most probably take place?
Where does this conversation most likely occur?
Where are the man and woman?
7）问时间，如：
When did the movie finally start?
When will the lecture begin?
8)问原因，也可以问目的，如：
Why is the man late?
Why did the man repair the car by himself?
9)问对话者某一方的身份、对话人之间的关系，如：
Who is the man?
What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
10） 问做某事的方式、方法或使用的交通工具，如：
How did the man go to Beijing?
How does the man usually go to work?
11） 问“对某事的感受如何”，如：
How does the man feel about the movie?
How do you like the report?
常见的解题技巧
听力考试第一步要做的事就是扫视材料，预测内容 。当广播中朗读听力要求时，我们要充分利用这个时间，迅速扫视书面文字中的题干及选项，通过扫视联系上下文，有根据地预测文段发生的时间、场所、人物，并预测出谈话的大致内容。并且，在扫视中我们对提出的问题尤其要注意。这样做的结果是听录音时我们可以有的放矢，做到有备而来，心中有数。也消除紧张情绪。SectionＡ中的对话比较简短，有时能从听到的内容中找到与选择项内容完全相同的部分，但有些情况下，往往不能找到，即对话中一般没有现成的答案。因此，在听的时候要注意抓住选择项的同义或反义词（组）用辨别法答题，或根据对话内容采用归纳、推论或辨别的方法回答。另外要学会取舍，抓住关键词，理解内容 。听力考试中最忌讳的就是词词计较，力求听懂所有词。其实，没必要听懂所有词，也不可能听懂所有词。我们在日常生活中听中文时，无论听什么，注意力都不会在每一个字或词上面，而是对文段或对话内容的整体的理解上。何况我们听的是英文，在英文句子中，对不同的词本身就有弱读和重读。关键词一般是动词、名词、形容词、副词等实义词及相互的短语，还要注意but， though等表示转折含义的虚词。以下为近年考试真题。
W: Tim， could you type the report again?
M: Certainly， I’ll do it right away.
Q: What will the man do?
A) Write a report.B) Type a report.
C) Check a report.D) Read a report.
对话中“ Could you type the report again?”（你能把这份报告再打一遍吗？），句中关键词为type，这句话直接地表明要打印而不是去写、读、核对这个报告，很显然B是正确答案。
M: Shall we go to the airport to meet Doctor Black this afternoon?
W: Oh， I forgot to tell you he had put off his trip.
Q: What do we know about Doctor Black?
A) He has changed his trip.B) He has canceled his trip.
C) He is arriving this afternoon.D) He forgot to arrange his trip.
对话中“he had put off his trip.”中的关键词语put off意为延期。与答案中change意思接近，而cancel意为取消，故A为正确答案。
M: Shall we have something special for a change ?
W: How about Japanese food？ I know a famous restaurant.
Q: What are they probably going to do?
A) Visit Japan.B) Travel abroad. C) Cook some food.D) Eat outside.
本句关键词change-food-restaurant可推断出他们是要改变一下吃饭的习惯，去餐馆就餐。D为正确答案。不可能为了吃顿饭跑到日本去。
二、Section B
Section B听长对话并回答2—3个问题，读两遍。本部分被学生认为是最简单的拿分题，因为大部分答案都能从原稿中直接获得。所涉及的问题与Section A相似，只不过对话长了些，问题多了些。答题技巧与上面A部分也相同。但要注意的是：对话中细节较多，所以只靠脑子记忆确实有困难。我们在做长对话听力时可以做一些简单的记录，这种记录要非常简练，要记重要环节。如文中提及的人物、事件、时间、地点、原因、方式、程度、数字、选择等信息都非常重要。笔记要提纲挈领，达到帮助记忆、推断和答题的目的即可。记录的方法多种多样，可以使用符号、画图、缩写形式等，只要自己能辨认就可以了。
下面是2003年12月真题：
原稿：
W: We’dliketomakeatripforalongweekend holiday， please?
M: Where would you like to go?
W: Dalian.
M: And where do you want to stay in Dalian?
W: We are not sure. Which hotel would you suggest?
M: The Holiday Inn is very good and it’s quite cheap.
W: OK， that’s where we’ll stay.
M: Would you complete this form please?
W: Is it all right if we pay by check?
M: Of course， that’s quite all right.
Q1.What is the woman talking about with the man?
Q2.How will the woman make the payment?
试题：Q1.A) Going shopping B) Staying at a hotel C) Taking a trip D) Buying a book
Q2.A) By check B) By credit card C) In cash D) By mail
该题中要记录的关键词为：make a trip-Dalian-Holiday Inn-by check，他们要去旅游圣地大连旅游，住在假日酒店，以支票的方式付款。答案中的shopping， book， credit card， cash， mail等信息并没有涉及到。因此C和A分别是正确答案。
三、Section C
Section C听短文以填空形式回答五个问题，每空不超过三个单词，读两遍。问题给出，答案也给了部分提示，而且提示部分大多数是从原文中节选下来的，类似于missing words。答题技巧为：先读懂5个问题，了解本段话涉及的大致内容，然后看着答案部分去听，错过那些与答案不相关的信息。补全答案中缺少的词语。下面是2003年12月真题。
原稿为：
Tina began to look for a new job. She went to the employment agency and filled out a form. But the agency was not able to find a place for her. Every day she looked at the help-wanted advertisement in the newspaper. She also talked to her friend about getting a job. But there was one big problem. Most jobs required experience and she had very little experience. Finally， she got a job as a saleswoman at a supermarket near her house. She was able to walk there. The pay wasn’t good but it was nicer than working in a factory. She liked being a saleswoman at first. After a few months， however， she found the job boring. She thought there would be no future for her to be a saleswoman.
试题：
1. Why did Tina come to the employment agency?
To look for ________________________.
2. What did she do in the employment agency?
She filled out________________________.
3. What was the problem with Tina?
She had little________________________.
4.What job did she get at the supermarket?
A job as a ________________________.
5. How did she feel about her new job a few months later?
She felt it was very________________________.
通读5个问题，我们可猜出该篇大意：Tina为了找工作去了职业介绍所，填写了什么东西，她存在什么问题，在超市找到一份工作，几个月后对新工作有什么看法。从语法结构看，前四小题应填名词（短语），第五题应填形容词。听的时候只盯住答案的提示部分即可。第一题答案提示To look for ?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇告诉大家要听录音中look for后是什么。原文第一句“Tina began to look for a new job.”很明确地说出了答案a new job，依此第二题的答案可从She went to the employment agency and filled out a form中找出。第三题的答案可从she had very little experience找出。第四题的答案可从she got a job as a saleswoman at a supermarket near her house找出。第五题的答案可从she found the job boring找出。
参考文献：
［1］ 王鸣.英语应用能力考试考前冲刺.电子工业出版社，2004.2.