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本文对遵义县150名离休干部进行体检及两年随访观察,本组年龄74～50岁,平均60岁,男∶女为15.7∶1。病症分类为循环系统疾病居首位,其次是呼吸系统疾病,传染病居第三位。病种分布以高血压病、慢性支气管炎多见,其次是病毒性肝炎。全组死亡8人,病死率为5.3％,其中≥70岁年龄组最高。死因有恶性肿瘤、高血压合并脑溢血、肺心病、流行性出血热。因此高血压和脑血管病、慢性支气管炎,病毒性肝炎、冠心病及各种急性感染和癌症的防治,是老年保健工作的重点。
In this article, 150 retired cadres from Zunyi County were examined and followed up for two years. The age ranged from 74 to 50 years old, with an average age of 60 years, and male:female ratio was 15.7:1. Diseases were ranked first in circulatory diseases, followed by respiratory diseases, and infectious diseases ranked third. The distribution of diseases is more common in patients with hypertension and chronic bronchitis, followed by viral hepatitis. Eight deaths occurred in the whole group, with a mortality rate of 5.3%, of which the ≥70 age group was the highest. The cause of death was malignancy, hypertension, cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary heart disease, and epidemic hemorrhagic fever. Therefore, hypertension and cerebrovascular diseases, chronic bronchitis, viral hepatitis, coronary heart disease, and various types of acute infections and cancers are the focus of elderly health care.