在现代的课堂中,教师和学生的角色身份有了一定的转变,教师由课堂代表权威的主宰者转变为学生学习的引导者,学生成为课堂学习的主体,师生之间是朋友关系,双方可以互相沟通协商,做到相互尊重,平等相待;教材是一种教学载体,教师需要尊重教材、用好教材,但同时又不能局限于教材,而应合理优化教材。本文将以笔者实践的小学数学教学为例,探讨课堂中发展学生学科核心素养的途径。 In the modern classroom, the role of teachers and students have changed a lot. The teachers change from the masters who represent the authority of the classroom to the guides of students’ learning. The students become the main body of classroom learning. The relationship between teachers and students is the friend relationship. Can communicate with each other, so that mutual respect and equality treat; teaching material is a teaching carrier, teachers need to respect the teaching material, make good use of teaching materials, but at the same time can not be limited to teaching materials, but should be reasonable optimization of teaching materials. This article will take the practice of primary school mathematics teaching as an example to explore ways to develop core qualities of students in the classroom.