应用炭药治病,是祖国医药学的重要特点之一,有着悠久的历史。所谓炭药,是将中药饮片干品用火炒至表面焦黑似炭,里面焦黄色或棕褐色,达到部分炭化而未至灰化,习称“存性”。炒炭的关键是掌握好火候,明代《本草蒙荃》中指出:“凡药制造贵在适中,不及则功效难求,太过则气味反失”。 中药炒炭后的作用具有双重性:其一,是炒炭前所存之性,也就是炒炭前原药材的固有之特性(存性),有其不可忽视的治本之作用。其二,是炒炭后所获得之作用,即有收敛、固涩、止血的作用。正像在炮制的作用论述中明确指出:“……炒香取其入脾胃,炭取其止血”。这就是所谓的“血见黑则止”的中医药理论 The use of carbon medicine to treat diseases is one of the important features of the motherland’s medicine and has a long history. The so-called charcoal medicine is to dry the Chinese medicinal decoction pieces with fire to the surface of charred black charcoal, and the inside is charred yellow or brown, and it is partially charred and not to ash, which is commonly known as “existence”. The key to speculating on charcoal is to master the heat. In the Ming Dynasty, “Materia Medica Mantis” pointed out: “Where medicine is expensive, if it is moderate, if it is not, the effect is hard to obtain. If it is too, the smell will be lost.” The role of Chinese medicine after charcoal has two aspects: First, it is the nature of pre-cooked charcoal, that is, the inherent characteristics (preservation) of pre-cooked charcoal, and it has a role that cannot be ignored. Secondly, it is the role obtained after charcoal fire, namely the effect of convergence, astringency, and hemostasis. As clearly stated in the concocted role statement, “...take sacrificial incense into the spleen and stomach and charcoal take it to stop bleeding.” This is the so-called theory of Chinese medicine that “the blood is black and the black ends.”