论文部分内容阅读
短文改错题测试难度大，考查面广，能力要求高。本文通过分析5年（2008年—2012年）的高考卷英语科短文改错题考查的内容，旨在揭示高考短文改错题的出题动向和思路，了解解题的规律，拾遗补漏，扬长避短，进而掌握该题的一些解题方法和技巧。
短文改错的宗旨是测试考生发现、判断、纠正文章中错误的能力。具体来说，就是给出一篇短文，设有10个小题，10分制。除了有1题正确之外，其他9题均有错词、漏词或多词，简称“错、漏、多”。学生务必关注命题角度，注意解题思路，掌握解题步骤与技巧，分清错误的类别，对症下药，思考判断。
一、错词
错词的类型复杂，但常见的还是搭配错误与语法错误，特别是学生平时写作时常犯的错误最易为命题者所关注。对于平时常常疏忽、常常出错的地方要精心改正，做题时更要小心仔细。
命题角度1考点1解题思路名词1冠词1判断名词前的冠词是否误用名词1名词的数1句中名词该用单数还是复数动词1时态、语态、主谓一致1根据上下文判断动词时态、语态是否有误，主谓搭配是否正确非谓语动词1过去分词、现在分词、动名词、不定式1根据上下文判断非谓语动词是否误用代词1人称代词的格、指定代词及从句关系词11. 人称代词的格是否误用
2. 代词前后指代是否一致
3. 定语从句中关系词是否误用形容词、副词1词法1判断句中形容词和副词是否混淆使用介词1习惯用法1习惯用法中介词是否误用连词1句法1判断句中并列连词、从属连词是否误用1. Different people speak different language. 1.
2. Last Sunday， the police cars hurry to the tallest building. 2.
3. The students each has a dictionary. 3.
4. There are falling leaves on the ground. 4.
5. I’m looking forward to hear from you soon. 5.
6. One should love their country. 6.
7. The population in China is much larger than those in Australia. 7.
这个根据图片提示猜习语的小游戏可以激发学生的好奇心和想象力，能够很好地活跃课堂气氛，优化学习效果。
三、Learning idioms in reading
对比阅读也是中学生学习美国习语的有效方式。我们将包含习语的文章用标准英语转化为简单易懂的文章。学生可以通过阅读对比学习习语的含义和用法。
【案例三】
Idioms： work for peanuts， out to lunch， walk on eggshells
Procedures：
1. Read the first passage that contains idioms and try to guess their meanings.
2. Read the second passage and find out the meanings of the idioms. Do you guess right？
Passage 1：
My brother doesn’t like his job for three reasons. First， it is his salary. He is working for peanuts. Second， it is his boss. He is often out to lunch， making lots of unwise decisions. Third， the electrical appliances that they make are poor in quality. My poor brother is always walking on eggshells.
Passage 2：
My brother doesn’t like his job for three reasons. First， it is his salary. He is working for a small amount of money. Second， it is his boss. He is often stupid， making lots of unwise decisions. Third， the electrical appliances that they make are poor in quality. My poor brother always has to be extremely careful in what he does and say at work.
美国习语起源于人们的现实生活，它们是美国生活、文化、精神的真实反映。学习美国习语对于真正掌握地道美语、实现跨文化交际具有非常重要的意义！
（责任编辑周侯辰）
短文改错的宗旨是测试考生发现、判断、纠正文章中错误的能力。具体来说，就是给出一篇短文，设有10个小题，10分制。除了有1题正确之外，其他9题均有错词、漏词或多词，简称“错、漏、多”。学生务必关注命题角度，注意解题思路，掌握解题步骤与技巧，分清错误的类别，对症下药，思考判断。
一、错词
错词的类型复杂，但常见的还是搭配错误与语法错误，特别是学生平时写作时常犯的错误最易为命题者所关注。对于平时常常疏忽、常常出错的地方要精心改正，做题时更要小心仔细。
命题角度1考点1解题思路名词1冠词1判断名词前的冠词是否误用名词1名词的数1句中名词该用单数还是复数动词1时态、语态、主谓一致1根据上下文判断动词时态、语态是否有误，主谓搭配是否正确非谓语动词1过去分词、现在分词、动名词、不定式1根据上下文判断非谓语动词是否误用代词1人称代词的格、指定代词及从句关系词11. 人称代词的格是否误用
2. 代词前后指代是否一致
3. 定语从句中关系词是否误用形容词、副词1词法1判断句中形容词和副词是否混淆使用介词1习惯用法1习惯用法中介词是否误用连词1句法1判断句中并列连词、从属连词是否误用1. Different people speak different language. 1.
2. Last Sunday， the police cars hurry to the tallest building. 2.
3. The students each has a dictionary. 3.
4. There are falling leaves on the ground. 4.
5. I’m looking forward to hear from you soon. 5.
6. One should love their country. 6.
7. The population in China is much larger than those in Australia. 7.
这个根据图片提示猜习语的小游戏可以激发学生的好奇心和想象力，能够很好地活跃课堂气氛，优化学习效果。
三、Learning idioms in reading
对比阅读也是中学生学习美国习语的有效方式。我们将包含习语的文章用标准英语转化为简单易懂的文章。学生可以通过阅读对比学习习语的含义和用法。
【案例三】
Idioms： work for peanuts， out to lunch， walk on eggshells
Procedures：
1. Read the first passage that contains idioms and try to guess their meanings.
2. Read the second passage and find out the meanings of the idioms. Do you guess right？
Passage 1：
My brother doesn’t like his job for three reasons. First， it is his salary. He is working for peanuts. Second， it is his boss. He is often out to lunch， making lots of unwise decisions. Third， the electrical appliances that they make are poor in quality. My poor brother is always walking on eggshells.
Passage 2：
My brother doesn’t like his job for three reasons. First， it is his salary. He is working for a small amount of money. Second， it is his boss. He is often stupid， making lots of unwise decisions. Third， the electrical appliances that they make are poor in quality. My poor brother always has to be extremely careful in what he does and say at work.
美国习语起源于人们的现实生活，它们是美国生活、文化、精神的真实反映。学习美国习语对于真正掌握地道美语、实现跨文化交际具有非常重要的意义！
（责任编辑周侯辰）