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目的观察不同强度耐力训练对雄性大鼠的心肌氧化损伤及凋亡的影响,探讨增强心肌抗氧化能力的适宜训练方式。方法选用6周龄健康雄性大鼠48只,建立大鼠耐力跑台模型。将选取的大鼠随机分为4组:安静对照组(C组,12只);低强度组(L组,12只);中等强度组(M组,12只);高强度组(H组,12只)。4组大鼠进行为期6周的跑台实验后,用生化方法分别检测各组大鼠的氧化应激相关指标,内容包括:心肌组织的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力以及丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果 4组大鼠经不同强度耐力运动训练6周后,结果发现,与安静对照组相比,心肌组织的SOD活力在中强度组显著上升,而在高强度组显著下降(P<0.01);GSH-Px活力在低强度组和中等强度组显著上升,而在高强度组显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01);与安静对照组相比,高强度组的心肌组织MDA水平显著增高(P<0.01)。结论低中强度的耐力训练能有效提高心肌的抗氧化能力,尤其是中等强度的耐力训练。
Objective To observe the effects of endurance training with different intensities on myocardial oxidative damage and apoptosis in male rats and to explore appropriate training methods for enhancing myocardial antioxidant capacity. Methods Forty-eight healthy 6-week-old male rats were used to establish a treadmill model of endurance in rats. The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: quiet control group (C group, 12 rats); low-intensity group (L group, 12 rats); moderate-intensity group , 12). After a six-week treadmill test, rats in four groups were tested for their respective oxidative stress-related indices by biochemical methods, including the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Results After 4 weeks’ training, the activity of SOD in myocardial tissue increased significantly in the moderate intensity group and significantly decreased in the high intensity intensity group (P <0.01). The activity of GSH-Px increased significantly in low-intensity group and middle-intensity group, but significantly decreased in high-intensity group (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Compared with the quiet control group, GSH-Px activity in myocardial tissue increased significantly P <0.01). Conclusion Low and medium intensity endurance training can effectively improve myocardial antioxidant capacity, especially moderate endurance training.