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无主作品并不同于孤儿作品,在国际上其著作权主要有归国家所有和直接进入公有领域两种不同立法模式。我国《著作权法》和《继承法》总体遵循归国家所有这一立法体例。然而合法性并不意味着同时具有正当性,从立法论的角度来看,基于著作权与有形财产权的不同,令无主著作权直接进入公有领域更符合著作权的制度目标。将无主著作权作为“公地财产”来看待,并不会产生公地悲剧,反而更有利于社会文化的繁荣与发展。
The masterless works are not the same as the orphan works. In the international arena, their copyright mainly includes two kinds of different legislative modes: state ownership and direct access to the public domain. China’s “Copyright Law” and “Inheritance Law” generally follow the law owned by the state. However, the legitimacy does not mean that both have legitimacy at the same time. From the perspective of legislation, based on the difference between copyright and tangible property rights, it is more in line with the institutional goal of copyright without direct access to the public domain. Taking the non-master copyrights as “public property ” does not result in tragedy of the commons, but more conducive to the social and cultural prosperity and development.