目的观察经冠状动脉内注射法移植自体骨骼肌成肌细胞治疗急性心肌梗死的疗效。方法以改良成年犬骨骼肌成肌细胞培养方法进行细胞分离及扩增;结扎冠状动脉前降支中段,建立急性心肌梗死模型;分为冠脉内注射对照及冠脉内成肌细胞注射组,每组8只;冠状动脉结扎前、后及4周时测定左室功能指标、4周时行超声心动图检查。结果自体骨骼肌成肌细胞经冠脉注射移植组术后4周CO比对照组显著增加(P<0.05)且比冠脉结扎后显著升高(P<0.05);术后4周时LVEF和SV比对照组上升21.1%-31.4%(P均>0.05)。结论经冠脉内注射移植自体骨骼肌成肌细胞可能提高急性心肌梗死后收缩功能。 Objective To observe the curative effect of transplanting autologous skeletal muscle myoblast via intracoronary injection in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Methods The cells of adult canine skeletal muscle myoblasts were isolated and expanded. Ligation of the middle part of the anterior descending coronary artery was used to establish acute myocardial infarction model. The model was divided into intracoronary injection control and intramyocardial injection of myoblasts. 8 rats in each group. Left ventricular function was measured before, 4 weeks after coronary artery ligation and 4 weeks after echocardiography. Results Compared with the control group, CO increased significantly (P <0.05) and significantly increased after coronary artery occlusion (P <0.05) at 4 weeks after transplantation of autologous skeletal myoblasts. The LVEF and SV increased by 21.1% -31.4% (P> 0.05) than the control group. Conclusion Transplantation of autologous skeletal muscle myoblasts via intracoronary injection may improve systolic function after acute myocardial infarction.