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基于有限元分析,本文研究重载凹底平车底架弹性体的振动模态以及模态阶数的选取对车辆系统动态响应的影响。通过引入超单元,建立弹性体在模态坐标上的动力学方程,经过坐标变换得到物理坐标系上的方程;建立凹底架的有限元分析模型,计算分析其固有动态特征;同时,采用子结构法缩减处理凹底架有限元模型,建立有动态特征的凹底架弹性体模型,使描述凹底架的自由度总数减少,同时也保证计算的精度。对凹底架子结构超单元模型,计算分析振动模态,并与其有限元模型的模态结果进行比较。结果表明:子结构法的计算精度高,能满足车辆系统结构振动响应分析的要求。通过计算凹底架模态阶数对车辆系统动态响应的影响,得出选取凹底架的前8阶模态是合适的,有足够高的计算精度。
Based on the finite element analysis, this paper studies the influence of the vibration modes and modal orders on the dynamic response of the vehicle system for the heavy-duty concave bottom flat chassis. Through the introduction of the superelement, the dynamic equation of the elastomer in the modal coordinates is established, and the equations in the physical coordinate system are obtained through the coordinate transformation. The finite element analysis model of the concave chassis is established and the inherent dynamic characteristics are calculated and analyzed. At the same time, The structure method is used to reduce the finite element model of the concave chassis, and the dynamic model of the concave chassis is established to reduce the total number of degrees of freedom of the concave chassis and ensure the accuracy of the calculation. For the superelement model of the concave shelf structure, the vibration mode is calculated and compared with the modal results of its finite element model. The results show that the substructure method is of high computational accuracy and can meet the requirements of vibration response analysis of vehicle system. By calculating the influence of the concave chassis mode order on the dynamic response of the vehicle system, it is concluded that the first eight modes of the concave chassis are suitable and have high enough accuracy.