论文部分内容阅读
目的了解重症手足口病在成都市的流行病学特征,为本地区手足口病的重点防控提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2011-2014年成都市手足口病重症病例的三间分布特征和病原学特征进行分析。结果 2011年1月-2014年12月期间,成都市通过传染病网络直报系统和个案调查最终确定的手足口病重症病例为1 189例(61.56%为实验室确诊病例,0.67%为死亡病例)。其中,5岁以下重症病例占总发病数的97.31%,男女性发病比为1.54:1,以散居儿童、幼托儿童为主,发病高峰集中在4-7月。重症病例高发地区主要集中在龙泉驿区、武侯区、金牛区、成华区、双流县和锦江区。在实验室确诊的重症病例中,主要病原体为EV71(40.03%)、Cox A16(4.92%),其他肠道病毒(55.05%)。结论手足口病重症病例多见于5岁以下儿童,男性发病率高于女性,主要发病季节为春夏季。2011-2014年成都市重症手足口病的发病率呈现先降后升的趋势,2013年的发病率最高,发病强度在不同地区水平不同,考虑人口密度、人口流动性等因素可能为疫情高发的危险因素。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of severe hand-foot-mouth disease in Chengdu and provide evidence for the prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease in this area. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the three distributional characteristics and etiological characteristics of HFMD in Chengdu from 2011 to 2014. Results From January 2011 to December 2014, 189 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were diagnosed in Chengdu through the network of direct reports on infectious diseases and the case-finding. Among them, 1 189 cases were diagnosed (61.56% were laboratory confirmed cases and 0.67% were death cases ). Among them, severe cases under 5 years of age accounted for 97.31% of the total number of cases, the incidence of male-female ratio was 1.54: 1, with scattered children, child care-based children, the peak incidence concentrated in April-July. High incidence of severe cases are mainly concentrated in Longquanyi District, Wuhou District, Jinniu District, Chenghua District, Shuangliu County and Jinjiang District. Among the critically diagnosed critically ill cases, the major pathogens were EV71 (40.03%), Cox A16 (4.92%) and other enteroviruses (55.05%). Conclusions Hand-foot-mouth disease is more common in children under 5 years of age. The incidence of males is higher than that of females. The main season of onset is spring-summer. In 2011-2014, the incidence of severe HFMD in Chengdu tended to drop first and then increase, with the highest incidence in 2013 and the different intensity of incidence in different regions. Considering the population density and population mobility, the incidence may be high Risk factors.