根据不同阶次的卫星模型重力异常计算岩石层下的地幔拖曳力场,揭示南海区域存在三种尺度的地幔对流是控制其地球动力学的主要因素。其中大尺度和中等尺度的地幔对流模型已为震波层析成像的资料所证实,并可用现行的地幔柱概念进行解释。本文着重讨论了印支地幔柱的表现形式、成因和时代以及对沉积盆地中的有机质转化和烃类富集等所起的重要作用。 Based on the gravity anomaly of different order satellite models, the mantle drag force field under the lithosphere is calculated. It is found that there are three kinds of mantle convection in the South China Sea are the main factors that control the geodynamics of the mantle. Among them, large-scale and medium-scale mantle convection models have been confirmed by seismic tomography data and can be explained by the current concepts of mantle plumes. This article focuses on the manifestations, causes and epochs of the Indosinian mantle plumes and their important role in organic matter conversion and hydrocarbon enrichment in sedimentary basins.