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黄铁矿是地球表面最丰富的硫化矿,它的氧化与有色金属提取工业和酸性水治理密切相关。一方面,对于难处理金矿石,金矿物浸染状分布于黄铁矿中,有效地氧化黄铁矿是金矿物释放的关键。另一方面,生物堆浸体系中黄铁矿的氧化会不断产酸,增加中和成本。浸矿微生物既存在于矿物表面又存在于溶液中,对于黄铁矿的氧化发挥着各自的作用。浸矿微生物在黄铁矿表面的吸附/脱附,表面胞外聚合物(EPS)的形成以及定殖是生物氧化黄铁矿的关键环节,同时其机制也是促进或抑制工业体系中黄铁矿氧化的理论依据。然而微生物与黄铁矿表面作用力的实质,胞外聚合物(EPS)组成的调控机制,以及这些吸附于黄铁矿表面的浸矿微生物对于黄铁矿生物氧化中所扮演的角色还不甚明了。本文综合国内外文献报道,着重讨论浸矿微生物与黄铁矿的“接触作用”中各个环节及其所扮演角色,根据目前研究现状总结了存疑问题并提出了未来研究方向。
Pyrite is the most abundant sulphide ore on the Earth’s surface and its oxidation is closely related to non-ferrous metal extraction industry and acid water treatment. On the one hand, for refractory gold ores, the disseminated gold minerals are distributed in pyrite, and the effective pyrite oxidation is the key to the release of gold minerals. On the other hand, the oxidation of pyrite in the bio-heap leach system produces acid continuously, increasing the cost of neutralization. Leaching minerals exist both in the mineral surface and solution, pyrite oxidation play their respective roles. Adsorption / desorption of surface bio-pyrolytic organisms by pyrite-forming microorganisms on the surface of pyrite and the formation of surface extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are the key steps in the biooxidation of pyrite, and their mechanisms are also to promote or inhibit the pyrite The theoretical basis of oxidation. However, the nature of the interaction between microorganisms and pyrite, the regulatory mechanism of extracellular polymer (EPS) composition, and the role played by these leaching microorganisms adsorbed on pyrite surfaces in pyrite biooxidation are not clear It’s Based on the domestic and international literatures, this paper focuses on the various aspects of the “contact effect” between pyrite and pyrite and the role they play in the study. Based on the current research status, this paper summarizes the problems and proposes future research directions.