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设计了一款双频双端口微带阵列天线,该天线由两个矩形辐射贴片构成。将两个辐射贴片平行放置,在其中一个低频对应的较大尺寸贴片上开矩形槽,将高频对应的较小尺寸贴片嵌套在矩形槽中。相互嵌套的结构形式带来严重的端口耦合,而天线端口间的互耦是制约阵列天线性能的主要因素之一,在辐射贴片间加载两条平行微带线用来隔离耦合电流,并且在平行微带线中间设置圆形接地贴片,通过过孔将微带线上耦合电流引入地板,同时在高频辐射贴片嵌入部分的垂直边两侧开缝,能进一步有效减小耦合电流,提高隔离度。经过隔离度优化设计后,最终实现天线在工作频带内隔离度均大于20 d B。天线的工作频段分别为15.2 GHz(14.83~16.10 GHz)和5.8GHz(5.68~5.88 GHz),对应的最大增益分别为7.8 d Bi和6.8 d Bi。天线两个辐射贴片尺寸分别为0.36λ(15.2GHz)和0.37λ(5.8 GHz),该天线辐射单元相互嵌套,满足小型化设计需求。
A dual-band dual-port microstrip array antenna is designed and consists of two rectangular radiating patches. The two radiating patches are arranged in parallel. A rectangular groove is formed on a larger size patch corresponding to one of the lower frequencies, and the smaller size patch corresponding to the higher frequency is nested in the rectangular slit. The mutual nested structure brings severe port coupling, and the mutual coupling between the antenna ports is one of the main factors that constrain the performance of the array antenna. Two parallel microstrip lines are loaded between the radiation patches to isolate the coupling current, and A circular grounding patch is arranged in the middle of the parallel microstrip line, the coupling current of the microstrip line is led into the floor through the via hole, and the vertical sides of the embedded part of the high-frequency radiation patch are slitted at the same time to further reduce the coupling current , Improve the isolation. After the isolation optimization design, the final realization of the antenna in the operating band isolation greater than 20d B. The working frequency band of the antenna is respectively 15.2 GHz (14.83-16.10 GHz) and 5.8 GHz (5.68-5.88 GHz), corresponding to the maximum gain of 7.8 d Bi and 6.8 d Bi, respectively. The size of the two radiating patches of the antenna is respectively 0.36λ (15.2GHz) and 0.37λ (5.8GHz). The antenna radiating elements are mutually nested to meet the miniaturization design requirements.