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为了厘清在轨GEO(Geosynchronous Earth Orbit,地球同步轨道)卫星不时出现异常的原因,提高卫星执行任务的可靠性,首先从机理上介绍了空间环境中的地球辐射带及高能电子的情况,引出GEO卫星所处恶劣空间环境的现实;其次基于我国SEPC(Space Environment Prediction Center,国家空间环境预报中心)以及NSMC(National Satellite Meteorological Center,国家卫星气象中心)的空间环境月报资料,结合某GEO环境业务卫星故障的实际数据,经统计归纳,分析得出了地球辐射带中的高能电子是导致GEO卫星发生故障的主要原因;最后按照事例技术分析、常规按需预报和特殊情况下的实时预报等3个层次对高能电子预报方法进行了初步探讨。通过分析可以看出,为提高卫星完成任务的可靠性、降低长期管理风险,需要加强GEO卫星所处空间环境高能电子的预报工作。
In order to clarify the cause of the anomalous GEO (Geosynchronous Earth Orbit) satellite from time to time and improve the reliability of the satellite mission, firstly, the mechanism of the Earth’s radiation band and high-energy electrons in the space environment is introduced. The reality of the harsh space environment where the satellite is located; secondly, based on the space environment monthly report of China’s Space Environment Prediction Center (SEPC) and the National Satellite Meteorological Center (NSMC), combined with a GEO environment business According to the actual data of the satellite fault, the main reason that the high-energy electrons in the Earth’s radiation band are the main causes of the GEO satellite failure is analyzed by statistics. Finally, according to the case analysis, conventional on-demand forecast and real-time forecast under special circumstances, A hierarchy of high-energy electronic forecasting methods were discussed. It can be seen from the analysis that in order to increase the reliability of satellite missions and reduce the risk of long-term management, it is necessary to enhance the prediction of high-energy electrons in the space environment of the GEO satellite.