【目的】探讨当归不同生长时期丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)的分布及土壤养分和土壤酶活的变化,以期了解当归不同生长时期AMF与土壤养分和土壤酶活的关系,为AMF在当归种植的应用提供理论依据。【方法】在当归不同生长时期分别采集根际土壤样品,测定其土壤养分、土壤酶活、AMF孢子密度和球囊霉素等因子,分析当归不同生长时期根际土壤AMF孢子密度、土壤养分和土壤酶活等指标的动态变化和相关性。【结果】随着当归生育期的完成,根际土壤AMF孢子密度先降低后持续升高;易提取球囊霉素(Easily extractable glomalin,EEG)和总球囊霉素(Total glomalin,TG)平稳增加,而且EET与TG和脲酶活性呈显著正相关(P<0.01),EET和TG与根际土壤有机质和全氮含量以及酸性和中性磷酸酶活性均显著正相关(P<0.05);根际土壤有机质和全氮表现为增加的总趋势;有效磷含量呈现为生长前期保持不变、中期显著降低、后期逐渐升高的趋势,而有效钾含量先逐渐增加,生长中后期显著降低的趋势;根际土壤酸性和中性磷酸酶活性均呈现逐渐增加趋势,而脲酶活性表现为生长前期逐渐增加,中后期显著降低;p H值在当归不同生长时期有所波动。相关性分析结果表明,AMF孢子密度与土壤酸性磷酸酶酶活性呈显著正相关,而酸性磷酸酶酶活性与根际土壤全氮、有机质、易提取球囊霉素和总球囊霉素呈显著正相关,与有效磷和有效钾含量呈显著负相关,表明AMF对根际土壤养分和酶活性具有一定的调节作用;主成分分析结果表明,不同生长时期是影响当归根际土壤理化指标的主要因素。【结论】AMF孢子密度在当归根际的动态变化一定程度上反映出了AMF分泌球囊霉素的能力,以及球囊霉素对增加根际土壤碳氮储存的贡献,同时表明球囊霉素影响了当归根际土壤酶活性和其它养分的代谢循环,对改良土壤和促进当归生长发挥重要的作用。 【Objective】 The aim of the study was to investigate the distribution of AMF and the changes of soil nutrient and soil enzyme activity in different growth stages of Angelica sinensis to understand the relationship between AMF and soil nutrient and soil enzyme activities at different growth stages, AMF provides a theoretical basis for the application of Angelica sinensis. 【Method】 Rhizosphere soil samples were collected at different growth stages of Angelica sinensis, and their soil nutrients, soil enzyme activity, AMF spore density, and gemcitabine were measured. The AMF spore densities, soil nutrients and Soil enzyme activity and other indicators of the dynamic changes and correlations. 【Result】 With the completion of the growth period of Angelica sinensis, the density of AMF in rhizosphere soil first decreased and then increased continuously. Easily extractable Easily extractable glomalin (EEG) and total glomalin (TG) (P <0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between EET and TG and soil organic matter and total nitrogen and acid and neutral phosphatase activities in rhizosphere soil (P <0.05). Roots Soil organic matter and total nitrogen showed the general trend of increase; Available phosphorus showed the same trend as that of the early growth stage, but decreased in the middle stage and gradually increased in the late stage, while the effective potassium content increased gradually and decreased significantly in the middle and later stages The acidity and neutral phosphatase activity of rhizosphere soil showed a trend of increasing gradually, while the activity of urease increased gradually in the early growth stage and decreased significantly in the late growth stage. The p H value fluctuated in different growth stages of Angelica sinensis. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between spore density of AMF and soil acid phosphatase activity, while acid phosphatase activity was significantly correlated with soil total nitrogen, organic matter, easily extracted gentamicin and total gemcitin The results showed that AMF had a significant negative correlation with available phosphorus and available potassium, indicating that AMF could regulate rhizosphere soil nutrient and enzyme activity. The principal component analysis showed that different growth stages were the main factors influencing rhizosphere soil physical and chemical indexes factor. 【Conclusion】 The dynamic changes of AMF spore density in the rhizosphere of Angelica sinensis, to a certain extent, reflect the ability of AMF to secrete glomcumin and the contribution of gemcitabine to the increase of rhizospheric soil carbon and nitrogen storage. Meanwhile, Affecting the soil enzyme activities and other nutrients metabolism in the rhizosphere of Angelica sinensis, play an important role in improving the soil and promoting the growth of Angelica sinensis.