巴赫金用传统的社会历史、道德批评分析了托尔斯泰的戏剧、小说,这些分析表明,在巴赫金的心目中,托尔斯泰尤其是后期的托尔斯泰是一位“独白”的、剌猬型的作家。巴赫金对托尔斯秦的界定旨在对小说建构方式作形态学上的区分,并进行曲折的价值判断:小说建构有“独自”和“复调”两种基本方式,而陀思妥耶夫斯基的最大贡献在于创造了后一种方式。巴赫金对托尔斯泰的评论除了加深我们对托尔斯泰的认识和理解外,还给了我们诸多学理上的启示。 Bakhtin used traditional social history and moral criticism to analyze Tolstoy’s plays and novels. These analyzes show that in the eyes of Bakhtin, Tolstoy, especially the later Tolstoy, is a monologue “, Hedgehog writer. Bakhtin’s definition of Torshin Qin aims to make a morphological distinction between the novel constructions and to carry out tortuous value judgments: the novel constructs two basic ways: ”alone“ and ”polyphony" Dostoevsky’s biggest contribution is to create the latter way. In addition to deepening our understanding and understanding of Tolstoy, Bakhtin’s comments on Tolstoy also give us many academic revelations.